Mitosis Flashcards
Stages of mitosis:
- prophase
- metaphase
- anaphase
- telophase
(Early prophase) chromosomes condense and…
appear shorter, thicker and become visible with a light microscope, when stained.
(Early prophase) kinetochores are…
attached to the centromere.
(Early prophase) centrosomes replicate…
just before prophase.
(Late prophase) nuclear envelope…
disappears-breaks into small vesicles, not visible with a light microscope
(Late prophase) nucleolus…
disappears as it forms part of several chromosomes
(Late prophase) chromosomes are seen to consist…
of two identical chromatids.
(Late prophase) centrosomes move to…
opposite ends of the nucleus where they form the poles of the spindle.
(Metaphase) spindle fibres are…
fully grown.
(Metaphase) sister chromatids line up…
at spindle equator/metaphase plate.
(Metaphase) the two sister chromatids are still…
attached to one another at the centromere
(Metaphase) at the end, the centromeres…
divide
(Anaphase) separation of…
centromeres
(Anaphase) sister chromatids are drawn…
to opposite poles of the cell, centromeres first, pulled by shortening the spindle fibres.
(Anaphase) at the end, the poles of the cell have…
complete and equivalent sets of chromosomes.
(Telophase) when chromatids have reached…
the poles of the spindle, they will now uncoil and become less visible.
(Telophase) spindle fibres…
disintegrate, nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromatids and the nucleoli reappear.
(Telophase) the nucleolus…
reforms.
(Telophase) cytokinesis takes…
place=process of a cytoplasmic division to form two daughter cells.
Cytokinesis in animal cells:
-the cytoplasm contracts to pull the plasma membrane inwards, forming groove called a cleavage furrow.
Cytokinesis in plant cells:
- membrane-enclosed vesicle gather at a plant cell’s equator between the two nuclei
- the Golgi vesicle fuses to form a cell plate
