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Biology A-level > Blood vessels > Flashcards

Blood vessels Flashcards

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1
Q

Arteries carry blood…

A

away from the heart.

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2
Q

Veins carry blood…

A

towards the heart.

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3
Q

Capillaries link…

A

arteries and veins, take blood to tissues and cells.

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4
Q

Arteries transport blood at…

A

high pressure.

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5
Q

Arteries walls are made of…

A
  • endothelium
  • tunica media
  • tunica externa
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6
Q

The endothelium is made of…

A

flat cells fitting together. The tissue is smooth, to reduce friction.

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7
Q

The tunica media contains…

A

smooth muscle, collagen and elastic fibres.

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8
Q

The endothelium is also called…

A

tunica intima.

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9
Q

Tunica Externa contains…

A

elastic fibres and collagen fibres.

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10
Q

Arteries are strong…

A

elastic and resilient.

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11
Q

Blood in arteries is transported at a pressure up to…

A

16 kPa

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12
Q

The walls of arteries are very…

A

thick compared to veins.

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13
Q

As the blood enters the artery at…

A

high pressure, the artery becomes wider, reducing the pressure a little.

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14
Q

An elasticity of arteries reduces…

A

the likelihood of bursting, when the heart pumps.

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15
Q

The artery walls stretch as…

A

As the high-pressure blood surges into them and then recoil backwards as the pressure drops.

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16
Q

Arterioles are…

A

Smaller branches of the artery, when it reach the tissue, where it transports blood.

17
Q

Arterioles have greater proportion of…

A

Smooth muscle.

18
Q

The smooth muscle in arterioles can…

A

Contract, narrowing the diameter and control the blood flow into a tissue.

19
Q

The arterioles continue to branch into…

A

Capillaries.

20
Q

Capillaries take the blood…

A

As close as possible to all cells, allowing a rapid exchange of substances between cells and blood.

21
Q

Capillaries form a network throughout every…

A

Tissue except the cornea and cartilage.

22
Q

Capillary beds are…

A

The networks of capillaries.

23
Q

Diameter of capillary is…

A

7 micro meters in diameter same as blood cell.

24
Q

Walls of capillaries are made of…

A

Very thin, single layer of endothelial tissue.

25
Q

In endothelium walls there are…

A

Tiny gaps between the individual cells.

26
Q

As the capillaries leave the tissue, they…

A

Join together, forming venules.

27
Q

Venules join to form…

A

Veins.

28
Q

Vein’s tunica…

A

media is thinner as it has fewer elastic fibres and muscle fibres.

29
Q

Veins have semi…

A

Lunar valves, to prevent back-flow.

30
Q

When the muscle around veins contracts…

A

The blood is squeezed up as it cannot pass down through closed valve.

31
Q

The muscles around veins is called…

A

Skeletal muscle.

Biology A-level (58 decks)

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