DNA replication Flashcards
Replication is the process…
by which DNA copies itself to produce identical daughter molecule of DNA.
Helicase is…
an enzyme that unwinds the double helix.
The DNA unzips as…
the hydrogen bonds between bases break.
In the nucleus, there are…
inactive nucleotides.
To activate nucleotide…
two extra phosphate groups are added.
Each of the bases of the activated nucleotides…
pairs up with its complementary base on the old DNA strand.
An enzyme DNA polymerase links…
the sugar and innermost phosphate groups with next-door nucleotides together.
The two extra phosphate groups are…
broken off and released into the nucleus.
Semi-conservative replication is called because…
half of the original molecule is kept and other half is newly synthesised.
Replication involves…
20 different enzymes and other proteins.
Enzymes attach to existing DNA:
- helicase unwinds the double helix
- other enzymes break hydrogen bonds between bases and unzip the DNA
DNA polymerase III is an enzyme that…
carries out replication of strand. It can add nucleotides to 3’ end of a preexisting chain of nucleotides.
RNA polymerase or…
primase, constructs RNA primer. Afterwards, the DNA polymerase can synthesise the DNA sequence.
The RNA primer is…
a sequence of 10 nucleotides and it’s a starting point for DNA synthesis.
DNA polymerase only works…
3’ to 5’ direction.
