Enzymes Flashcards
Enzyme is…
globular protein molecule.
An enzyme is a biological catalyst so…
it speeds up the chemical reaction but remains unchanged.
An enzyme is coiled into…
precise 3D shape with hydrophilic groups on the outside of a molecule.
When substrate attaches the active site it forms…
enzyme-substrate complex.
Break down of a substrate is…
catabolic reaction and water is required.
A substrate and the active site must…
have a complementary shape.
An active site is…
a region to which substrate can bind.
Lock and key hypothesis
- a substrate is key and enzyme lock
- the key must have an exact shape which fits the lock
The substrate is held to active site by…
temporary bonds, which form between the substrate and some of the R-groups of the enzyme’s amino acids
Induced fit hypothesis
- enzyme and substrate can change shape slightly as the substrate molecule enters the enzyme
- this is to ensure a perfect fit=more efficient catalyst
An enzyme can catalyse…
joining of two substances(synthesis/anabolic reaction) or breaking down the substrate (lysis)
Lysozyme is an enzyme in…
saliva, tears and other secretions
Lysozyme is natural…
defence against bacteria.
Lysozyme breaks…
the polysaccharide chains that form the cell walls of bacteria.
Activation energy is energy…
given to the substrate so that the reaction can happen.
