Lipids Flashcards

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1
Q

Lipids are a diverse…

A

group of chemicals.

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2
Q

Most common are…

A

triglycerides = fats(solid) and oils (liquid)

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3
Q

Lipids contain elements….

A

C,H and O

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4
Q

Triglycerides are made of…

A

three fatty acid molecules and one glycerol molecule

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5
Q

Fatty acids have…

A

-COOH group attached

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6
Q

Glycerol is…

A

alcohol.

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7
Q

Fatty acids joins to glycerol by…

A

condensation, forming ester bonds between two C. The final product is glyceride.

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8
Q

Properties of triglycerides

A
  • insoluble in water
  • soluble in organic solutions e.g. ethanol or chloroform
  • non-polar and hydrophobic
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9
Q

Why is triglyceride soluble in organic solution?

A

Due to the long hydrocarbon tails of fatty acids.

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10
Q

Roles of triglycerides

A
  • energy reserve
  • insulator
  • buoyancy (whales)
  • metabolic source of water (desert kangaroo rat)
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11
Q

Why the triglycerides are good energy reserve?

A

Contain many C-H bonds, more than carbs.

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12
Q

Unsaturated lipids

A
  • have double bond between neighboring carbon atoms
  • do not contain the maximum possible amount of H
  • double bond make lipids melt more easily
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13
Q

Saturated lipids

A
  • no double bond

- animal lipids

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14
Q

Double bond in unsaturated fatty acids causes…

A

bending.

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15
Q

Phospholipids

A
  • each molecule has one end which is soluble in water
  • one of the fatty acids is replaced by phosphate group(hydrophilic head)
  • hydrophobic tails
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16
Q

Phospholipids have important…

A

function in membranes.