Microbial Diseases III Flashcards
what does the human urinary tract consist of
2 kidneys, 3 ureters, bladder, urethra
what do the kidneys do
produce urine, filter metabolic waste, regulate body water and electrolyte balance
what does the urethra do
flow of urine from bladder to exterior of body
urogenital disorders definiton
infections and disorders that may affect urinary and reproductive systems at the same time
what does STI stand for
sexually transmitted infection
can STIs affect both the urinary and reproductive systems at the same time
yes
what does UTI stand for
urinary tract infection
what is a UTI
infection that affects the urinary tract
which sex are UTIs more prevalent in
women
2 types of UTIs
uncomplicated and complicated
uncomplicated UTIs
occur in healthy people
readily resolves with prompt drug therapy
complicated UTIs
common with catheters
usually some malformation or other underlying condition
what are CAUTIs
catheter associated urinary tract infections
two areas affected by UTIs
lower and upper
symptoms of lower UTIs
dysuria, pyuria, and hematuria
dysuria
frequent and urgent urination that may be painful
pyuria
pus in urine
hematuria
blood in urine
symptoms of upper UTIs
fever, vomiting, nausea, abdominal pain, lower back pain
upper UTIs can lead to
permanent damage to kidneys
most common cause of UTIs
bacteria
examples of bacterial UTIs
UPEC and gram-positive bacteria
what does UPEC stand for
uropathogenic E. coli
how does UPEC impact the urinary system
it is motile to move upwards into urinary tract and cause infection
viral UTIs are
rare in healthy individuals
what causes fungal UTIs
candida
what type of fungus causes vaginal yeast infections
vulvovaginal candidiasis
symptom of fungal yeast infections
candiduria
what is candiduria
yeast in the urine
what is HSV-2
viral STI
how is HSV-2 contracted
sexually
can HSV-2 be cleared up
no, it is lifelong but can be latent
HSV-2 outbreak characterized by
genital sores
what is HPV
human papilloma virus
viral STI
what is the most common STI in the world
HPV
how long does it take HPV to clear
2 years
symptoms of HPV
asymptomatic
transmission of HPV
skin to skin contact
HPV can cause
genital warts or cancer
2 types of HPV
low-risk and high-risk
low-risk HPV causes
genital warts
high-risk HPV causes
genital cancers, associated with 90% of them