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Advanced EMT > Medical Terminology 3 (M-Z) > Flashcards

Medical Terminology 3 (M-Z) Flashcards

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1
Q

Mandible

A

Lower Jaw Bone.

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2
Q

Maxillae

A

Upper jaw bone.

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3
Q

Meconium Staining

A

Amniotic fluid that is greenish/brownish rather than clear as a result of fetal defecation. Indication of distress.

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4
Q

Medial

A

Toward the midline.

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5
Q

Medical Director

A

Physician who assumes responsibility for patient care of the EMS system.

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6
Q

Metatarsals

A

Foot bones.

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7
Q

Mid-axillary Line

A

A line from the middle of the arm pit to the ankle.

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8
Q

Mid-clavicular Line

A

Line through the center of each clavicle.

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9
Q

Midline

A

Line down the center of the body, dividing it into right/left halves.

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10
Q

Minute Volume

A

Amount of air breathed in during each respiration multiplied by number of breaths per minute.

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11
Q

Mottling

A

A blotchy appearance - Sometimes occurs in patients who are in shock.

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12
Q

Multiple casualty incident (MCI)

A

Emergency involving multiple patients.

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13
Q

Musculoskeletal System

A

Bones, joints and muscles.

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14
Q

Negligence

A

Something that should have been done was not or was done incorrectly.

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15
Q

Nervous System

A

Brain, spinal cord and nerves.

Coordinates body’s response.

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16
Q

Nitroglycerin

A

Drug that helps dialate the coronary vessels that supply the heart muscle with blood.

  • Used in chest pain patients.
  • Should not be given in patients with BP under 100 systolic.
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17
Q

Occlusion

A

Blockage of an artery by fatty deposits.

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18
Q

Occlusive Dressing

A

Dressing that forms an air tight seal.

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19
Q

Off-line medical direction.

A

Standing orders issued by medical director that allow EMTs to do things without speaking to him.

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20
Q

On-line Medical Direction

A

Orders given by on duty physician to an EMT over phone or radio.

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21
Q

Oral Glucose

A

Glucose (sugar) given by mouth to the awake patient with an altered mental status and history of diabetes.

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22
Q

Orbits

A

Bony structure around the eyes (eye socket)

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23
Q

OSHA

A

Occupational Safety and Health Administration.

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24
Q

Oxygen

A

o2 used as a drug to the hypoxic patient.

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25
Q

Pancreas

A

Gland located behind the stomach that produces insulin that assist in digestion of food. (regulates blood sugar level)

Alpha cells secrete hormone glucagon in response to low blood sugar levels, glycogen is broken down to glucose.

Beta cells secrete insulin - in response to high glucose levels.

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26
Q

Paradoxical Motion

A

When flail segment and rest of chest move in opposite directions.

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27
Q

Partial thickness burn

A

2nd degree, involving dermis.

reddening and blistering

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28
Q

Pathogens

A

Organisms that cause infection (viruses/bacteria)

Can be blood borne or airborne.

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29
Q

Penetrating trauma

A

Injury caused by an object that passes through the skin/body.

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30
Q

Perfusion

A

Supply of oxygen to, removal of waste from, the body’s cells and tissues as a result of blood flow.

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31
Q

Placenta

A

Organ of pregnancy where exchange of oxygen, nutrients and waste occurs between mother and fetus.

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32
Q

Placenta Previa

A

Placenta is formed in an abnormal location that will not allow for a normal delivery.

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33
Q

Pneumonia

A

An infection of one or both lungs caused by bacteria, viruses an fungi.

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34
Q

Pneumothorax

A

Air in the chest cavity.

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35
Q

Posterior

A

Back of the body or body part.

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36
Q

Preeclampsia

A

Complication of pregnancy - women retains large amounts of fluid and has hypertension (High BP)

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37
Q

Preschool age

A

3-5 years of age
Vitals: HR = 80-120/min
Respirations = 20-30/min
Systolic BP = 80-110

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38
Q

Pressure Dressing

A

Dressing applied tightly to control bleeding.

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39
Q

Priapism

A

Persistent erection of the penis that may result from a spinal injury and some medical problems.

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40
Q

Primary Assessment

A

To discover and treat life threatening problems. 6 parts of primary are:

  • General Impression
  • Mental Status
  • Airway
  • Breathing
  • Circulation
  • Determine priority of patient
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41
Q

Prolapsed Umbilical Cord

A

Umbilical cord presents first and its squeezed between the vaginal wall and baby’s head.

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42
Q

Prone

A

Lying face down.

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43
Q

Protocols

A

List of steps for assessment and interventions to be performed.

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44
Q

Proximal

A

Closer to the torso.

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45
Q

Pulmonary Arteries

A

Vessels that carry deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.

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46
Q

Pulmonary Edema

A

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the alveoli of the lungs.

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47
Q

Pulmonary Embolism

A

A dangerous condition were a blood clot, air or fat tries to go through these blood vessels but gets stuck and blocks an artery in the lungs.

48
Q

Pulse Quality

A

Regular or irregular and strong and weak.

49
Q

Puncture Wound

A

Open wound that tears through skin and destroys underlying tissue.

50
Q

Radial Artery

A

Artery of the lower arm.

51
Q

Radius

A

Lateral bone of forearm.

52
Q

Reassessment

A

Procedure for detecting changes in a patients condition.

53
Q

Recovery position

A

Lying on the side, also called lateral recumbent.

54
Q

Renal Failure

A

Loss of kidneys ability to filter there blood and remove toxins and excess fluid.

55
Q

Respiratory Distress, Failure and Arrest

A

Distress: Increased work of breathing.
Failure: Reduction of breathing to the point were o2 intake is not sufficient to support life.
Arrest: Breathing stops.

56
Q

Respiratory Quality

A

Normal or abnormal and shallow - labored - noisy

57
Q

Respiratory System

A 
Consist of:
Nasal cavity
pharynx
larynx
trachea
Bronchial tube
Lungs

-Obtains oxygen and removes carbon dioxide from the body.

58
Q

Rule of nines

A

Estimates burn percentage.

59
Q

Rule of palm

A

Method estimating extent of burns.

60
Q

Ryan white care act

A

establishes procedures by which emergency response workers may find out if they have been exposed to life threatening infectious diseases.

61
Q

Scapula

A

Shoulder Blade

62
Q

School Age

A

6-12 Years
Vitals: HR = 70-110/min
Respirations = 20-30/min
Systolic BP = 80-120

63
Q

Scope of practice

A

Defines the scope or extent and limits of the EMTs job.

*What you can do.

64
Q

Seizure

A

Sudden change in sensation / behavior or movement.

Caused by brains electrical activity.

65
Q

Signs and symptom

A

Sign is objective - something you see, hear, feel or smell.

Symptom is subjective - You cannot observe but the patient feels or tells you about.

66
Q

Signs of shock

A

Altered mental status
pale, cool, clammy
Nausea/vomiting
Vital sign changes

67
Q

Spontaneous Pneumothorax

A

When a lung collapses without injury or any other obvious cause.

68
Q

Stages of death

A 
Denial - Not Me
Anger - Why Me
Bargaining - Okay, but first...
Depression - Okay, But I haven't...
Acceptance - Okay
69
Q

Stages of stress

A

Alarm reaction
stage of resistance
Exhaustion

70
Q

Standard of care

A

Care that is expected to be provided by an EMT.

-How you should do it.

71
Q

Standard precautions

A

Form of infection control - BSI

72
Q

Standing Order

A

Authorizes EMT to perform particular skills in curtain situations.
-Without speaking to med director.

73
Q

Status Epilepticus

A

Prolonged seizure or situation when person suffers two or more seizures without regaining full consciousness.

74
Q

Stridor

A

High pitched sound from partially obstructed airflow in the upper airway.

75
Q

Stoma

A

Permanent surgical opening in the neck through when the patient breaths.

76
Q

Stroke Volume

A

Amount of blood ejected from the heart in one contraction.

Average = 60ml per contraction.

77
Q

Sucking chest wound

A

Open chest wound which air is sucked into chest cavity.

78
Q

Superficial Burn

A

1 degree burn, only involving epidermis.

-Reddening, sometimes swelling.

79
Q

Superior

A

Toward the head.

80
Q

Supine

A

Lying flat on back.

81
Q

Syncope

A

Fainting.

82
Q

Tarsals

A

Ankle Bones.

83
Q

Tension Pneumothorax

A

Air that enters the chest cavity is prevented from escaping.

84
Q

Tibia

A

Medial and larger bone of the lower leg.

85
Q

Tidal Volume

A

Volume of air moved in one cycle of breathing.

86
Q

Toddler

A

1yr-36 months (3yrs)
Vitals: HR 80-130/min
Respirations: 20-30/min
Systolic BP = 70-100

87
Q

Tracheostomy

A

Surgical incision held open by a metal or plastic tube.

88
Q

Thorax

A

The chest.

89
Q

Tuberculosis

A

Infection that mostly settles in the lungs.
Highly contagious
Can be fatal

90
Q

Ulna

A

Medial bone of forearm.

91
Q

Universal Dressing

A

also called a bulky dressing

Used for profuse bleeding or if wound is large - also good for stabilizing objects.

92
Q

Vein

A

Any blood vessel returning blood to the heart.

93
Q

Venous Bleeding

A

Bleeding from a vein - dark red or maroon blood usually steady easy to control flow.

94
Q

Ventricles

A

Lower chambers of the heart
right-oxygen poor blood to lungs
left-oxygen rich blood to body.

95
Q

Vertebrae

A 
33 bones of the spinal column. 
Cervical - 7
Thoracic - 12
Lumbar - 5 
Sacral - 5
Coccyx - 4
96
Q

Zygomatic Arches

A

Cheek bones.

97
Q

AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome)

HIV (Human immunodeficiency Virus)

A

AIDS = set of conditions that result when the immune system is attacked by HIV and unable to combat certain infections.

98
Q

4 primary diseases of concern:

A

Hepatitis B
Hepatitis C
Tuberculosis (TB)
HIV/AIDS

99
Q

Ventricular Fibrillation & Ventricular Tachycardia

A

Hearts electrical impulses are disorganized preventing the heart muscle from contracting normally.

Heartbeat is rapid - to rapid can cause chambers not to fill enough.

100
Q

Tendons vs ligaments

A

Muscle to bone
vs
Bone to bone

101
Q

Pulmonary Edema and Pedal Edema

A

Fluid in the lungs
and
Fluid in the feet/ankles.

102
Q

Bradycardia and Tachycardia

A

Slow heart rate - usually below 60 beats per minute

Fast heart rate - usually above 100 beats per minute

103
Q

Comminuted Fracture
Greenstick Fracture
Angulated Fracture

A
  • Broken in several places.
  • Incomplete Fracture.
  • Segments fractured at an angle of each other.
104
Q

Embryo & Fetus

A

The baby from fertilization to 8 weeks of development.

Baby from 8 weeks to birth.

105
Q

Breech Presesntation + Limb Presentation

A

When the baby’s buttocks or both legs appear first during birth.

When an infants limb protrudes first.

106
Q

Hepatitis B+C

A

Infection causing inflammation of the liver.

  • Acquired through contact with blood or other body fluids.
  • Can live for many days in dried blood.
  • Can be very deadly.
107
Q

Auscultation & Palpation

A 
Auscultation = Listening 
Palpation = Touching or feeling
108
Q

Libel VS Slander

A

False Information,
Libel - Written
Slander - Verbal

109
Q

Peripheral Pulses & Central Pulses

A

Peripheral - Radial, brachial, posterior tibial and dorsalis pedis.

Central Pulse - Carotid and femoral

110
Q

Pediatric vs Geriatric

A

Pertaining to patient who has yet to reach puberty.

Older patients typically 65 or older

111
Q

systolic bp + diastolic bp

A

Systolic = pressure created in the arteries when left ventricle contracts and forces blood out into circulation.

Diastolic = Pressure in the arteries when the left ventricle is refilling.

112
Q

Emergency Move
Urgent Move
Non-urgent move

A

Emergency - Moves without spinal precautions such as situations with fire, explosives, hazmat and electrical.

Urgent - Performed with spinal precautions in cases dealing with heat/cold or difficulty breathing, also a rapid extrication procedure.

Non-Urgent - No immediate threat to life.

113
Q

Visceral Pain
Parietal Pain
Tearing Pain
Referred Pain

A

Visceral Pain - Poorly localized, dull pain
Parietal Pain - Localized, intense pain
Tearing Pain - Sharp pain, feelings of tearing
Referred Pain - Felt in location other than were it originated.

114
Q

Ingested
Inhaled
Absorbed
Injected

A

Ingested - Swallowed
Inhaled - Breathing in
Absorbed - Through skin
Injected - By needle or teeth

115
Q

Uppers & Downers

A

Stimulants such as amphetamines that excite the user.

Depressants - used for a more relaxed state of mind.

116
Q

Dressing vs Bandage

A

Material used to cover a wound that helps control bleeding and prevent contamination.

Material used to hold a dressing in place.

Advanced EMT (27 decks)

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