Medical Terminology 1 Flashcards by Travis Arel

Adduction

Movement toward the midline

Lowering the arm to the side of the body

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Toward the front

The umbilicus (navel) is on the anterior aspect of the body

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Apex

Tip of a structure

The apex of the heart points downward

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Base

The lower part of a structure

The bases of the lungs rest against the diaphragm

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Deep

Toward the inside of the body

Muscles are deep in reference to the skin

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Distal

Away from the midline or point of reference

The foot is distal to the knee

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Dorsal

Toward the back (posterior)

My heel is on the dorsal side

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Extension

Straightening a joint to move 2 parts further apart

Straightening the knee is extending it

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Flexion

Bending a joint to bring 2 parts closer together

Bending/flexing elbow is the same thing

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Inferior

Below

My knee is inferior to my pelvis

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Lateral

Toward the side away from the midline

Thumb is on lateral aspect of the hand

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Medial

Toward the midline

Inside of the leg is the medial aspect

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Midline

Vertical line separates body into left and right halves

Nose is in the midline

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Posterior

Toward the back

Shoulder blades are on posterior aspect of the body

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Prone

Lying face down

Sleeping on your stomach

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Proximal

Near the midline or point of reference

Elbow is proximal to the hand

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Superficial

Toward the outer surface of the body

Skin is superficial to the muscles

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Superior

Above

Superior aspect of tongue read against roof of mouth

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Supine

Lying on the posterior aspect of the body

Sleeping on your back is supine

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Ventral

Toward the front

Sternum is on the ventral aspect of the body

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Aden (adeno)

Gland

Adenoma (glandular tumor)

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Carcin (carcino)

Cancer

Carcinogenic (causes cancer)

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Cardi (cardio)

Heart

Cardiomegaly (enlargement of the heart)

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Cyt (cyto)

Cell

Cytology (study of cells)

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Derma (dermato)

Skin Dermatitis (inflammation of the skin)

Enter (entero)

Small intestine Gastroenteritis (inflammation of the stomach/intestine)

Gastr (gastro)

Stomach Gastric (pertaining to stomach)

Gyne (gyneco)

Female Gynecology (study of females particularly reproductive system)

Hema (hemato)

Blood Hematoma (collection of blood within a tissue)

Hydr (hydro)

Water Hydrostatic ( pressure by non moving water)

Necr (necro)

Death Necrosis (condition of death, such as death of tissues)

Somat (somato)

Body Somatic (pertaining to the body)

Path (patho)

Disease Pathogenic (disease causing)

Nulli

None

Hemi

Half

Semi

Half or partial

Uni

One

Mono

One

Two

Poly

Many

Multi

Many

Tri

Three

Tetra

Four

Quad

Four

a- / an-

Without Afebrile (without fever) Anuria (without urine)

Ante

Before, infront of Antemortem (before death)

Anti

Against Anticoagulant (against clotting)

Brady

Slow Bradycardia (slow heart rate)

Con

Together or with Congenital (present at birth "born together")

Dys

Painful or difficult Dyspnea (difficulty breathing)

Epi

Above or upon Epidural (outmost lining of the brain)

Normal Eupenea (normal breathing)

Hyper

Above, over Hypertension (high blood pressure)

Hypo

Under, below Hypotension (low blood pressure)

Inter

Between Intercostal (between the ribs)

Intra

Within Intraocular (within the eye)

Macro

Large Macroscopic (large, visible to the eye)

Micro

Small Microvasculature (small blood vessels)

Neo

New Neoplasm (new growth of cells)

Per

Through Percutaneous (through the skin)

Peri

Around Periumbilical (around the novel)

Post

After Postoperative (after surgery)

Pre

Before Prenatal (before birth)

Pseudo

False Pseudomembrane (false membrane)

Retro

Backward, behind Retrosternal (behind the sternum)

Sub

Below, under Subcutaneous (below the skin)

Supra/super

Above, over Supraventricular (above the ventricles)

Tachy

Rapid, fast Tachypnea (rapid breathing)

Arthritis

Inflammation of a joint

Cervical

Pertaining to the neck

Myeloid

Pertaining to the bone marrow

Osteoporosis

Porous bones

Orthopedics

Branch of medicine dealing with disorders of the musculoskeletal system

Pericardium

Sac around the heart

Vasodilation

Dilation of the blood vessels

Thrombosis

Condition of blood clotting

Apnea

Absence of breathing

Bronchoconstriction

Narrowing of the bronchioles as in asthma

Dyspnea

Difficulty breathing

Hypercapnia

High levels of carbon dioxide

Hypoxia

Low level of oxygen

Orphaeyngeal

Pertaining to oral cavity and throat

Pneumothorax

Air within the chest cavity

Abduction

Movement away from the midline. Lifting the arm out to the side.