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Advanced EMT > Medical Terminology 3 (A-L) > Flashcards

Medical Terminology 3 (A-L) Flashcards

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NREMT® EMT flashcards
1
Q

Abandonment

A

Leaving patient after care has been initiated and before transferring to someone with equal or greater training.

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2
Q

Abrasion

A

Scratch or scrape.

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3
Q

Abruptio Placentae

A

Placenta separates from the uterine wall.

-Cause of pre-birth bleeding.

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4
Q

Acromion Process

A

Highest portion of the shoulder.

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5
Q

Activated Charcoal

A

Used to treat poisoning overdoses when a substance is swallowed.
-Helps absorb poisons - It binds to the charcoal and is prevented from being absorbed by the body.

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6
Q

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)

A

Term used for symptoms related to lack of oxygen in the heart muscle.
-Also called cardiac compromise.

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7
Q

Acute Myocardial Infarction

A

Portion of the myocardium (heart muscle) dies as a result of oxygen starvation.

Also called heart attack.

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8
Q

Adolescence

A

13-18 years of age

Vitals: Heart Rate = 55-105/min
Respirations: = 12-20/min
Systolic BP = 80-120

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9
Q

Adult

A

19+ years of age

Vitals: Heart Rate = 60-100/min
Respirations = 12-20/min
Blood Pressure = 120/80

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10
Q

Agonal Breathing

A

Irregular, gasping breaths.

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11
Q

Allergen & Allergic Reaction

A

Allergen = Something that cause allergic reaction

Allergic Reaction = Exaggerated immune response.

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12
Q

Alveoli

A

Microscopic sacs of the lungs where gas exchange with the bloodstream takes place.

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13
Q

Amniotic Sac

A

“Bag of waters” that surrounds the developing fetus.

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14
Q

Anaphylaxis

A

Severe or life threatening reaction.

  • Drop in BP
  • Respiratory system swells
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15
Q

Anemia

A

Lack of normal # of red blood cells in the circulation.

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16
Q

Aneurysm

A

Dilation or ballooning of a weakened section of the wall of an artery.

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17
Q

Angina Pectoris

A

Chest Pain - Portion of the heart muscle not receiving enough oxygen.

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18
Q

Anterior

A

Front of body or body part.

Ventral

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19
Q

Aorta

A

Largest artery in the body, transports blood from left ventricle to begin systemic circulation.

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20
Q

Apnea

A

Not Breathing.

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21
Q

Arterial Bleeding

A

Bleeding from an artery - Bright red blood that is rapid, profuse and difficult to control.

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22
Q

Arteries

A

Carry oxygenated blood away from the heart.

Exception:

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23
Q

Arteriole

A

Smallest kind of artery.

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24
Q

Aspirin

A

Medication used to reduce clotting ability of blood - Prevents and treats clots associated with myocardial infarction.

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25
Q

Assault

A

Placing a person in fear of bodily harm.

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26
Q

Asystole

A

Heart has completely stopped.

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27
Q

Atria

A

Upper chambers of the heart:

  • Right chamber receives unoxygenated blood returning from the body.
  • Left chamber receives oxygenated blood returning from the lungs.
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28
Q

Avulsion

A

Tearing away of skin or flap of skin.

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29
Q

Bariatric

A

Patients who are significantly overweight or obese.

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30
Q

Battery

A

Causing bodily harm/restraining.

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31
Q

Bilateral

A

Both sides.

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32
Q

Blood glucose levels

A

Normal = 70-120 mg/ml

Usually no more than 140

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33
Q

Brachial Artery

A

Artery of the upper arm.

Site of pulse check during infant CPR.

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34
Q

Bronchi

A

Two large sets of branches that come off the trachea and enter the lungs.

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35
Q

Bronchoconstriction

A

Constriction or blockage of the bronchi that lead from the trachea to the lungs.

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36
Q

Capillaries

A

Oxygenated blood from the arteries is emptied into the capillaries, which supply every cell of the body.

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37
Q

Capillary Bleeding

A

Bleeding from the capillaries - Slow oozing flow of the blood.

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38
Q

Cardiac Conduction System

A

System of specialized muscle tissue that conducts electric impulses that stimulate the heart to beat.

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39
Q

Cardiogenic Shock

A

Brought on NOT by blood loss but by inadequate pumping actin of the heart. Often a result of a heart attack or CHF.

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40
Q

Cardiovascular System

A

Consist of:
Heart, Arteries and veins
-Pumps blood throughout entire body to transport nutrients, oxygen and wastes.

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41
Q

Carotid Arteries

A

Large neck arteries that carry blood from the heart to the head.

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42
Q

Carpals/Metacarpals

A

The wrist bones/hand bones.

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43
Q

Central Nervous System

A

Consist of brain and spinal cord.

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44
Q

Cephalic Presentation

A

Baby appears head first during birth, this is the normal presentation.

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45
Q

CISM

A

Critical incident stress management.

-Education and resources to deal with stress appropriately.

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46
Q

Clavicle

A

Collarbone.

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47
Q

Closed Wound

A

Internal injury with no open pathway from the outside.

48
Q

Compensated Shock

A

When body is developing shock but the body is still able to maintain perfusion.

  • You see increased HR - to increase the blood flow.
  • You see increased respirations - to increase the o2 in the blood.
49
Q

Components of Reassessment

A

-repeat primary assessment
-reassess and record vitals
-repeat pertinent parts of history/physical exam
check interventions

50
Q

Confidentiality

A

Obligation not to reveal info obtained about a patient, except to other healthcare professionals, involved in the patients care.

51
Q

Congestive Heart Failure

A

Failure of the heart to pump efficiently. leading to excessive blood/fluids in the lungs.

52
Q

Consent

A

Permission from the patient.

53
Q

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP)

A

Positive pressure ventilation, consisting of a mask and a means of blowing oxygen into the mask, preventing airway collapse.

54
Q

Contusion

A

A bruise.

55
Q

Coronary Arteries

A

Blood vessels that supply the muscle of the heart.

56
Q

Crepitus

A

Grating sensation or sound when bone ends rub together.

57
Q

Cricoid Pressure

A

Pressure applied to cricoid ring to minimize air entry into the esophagus.

58
Q

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

A

Emphysema as well as chronic bronchitis, black lung and many undetermined respiratory illnesses that cause the patient problems.

59
Q

Cyanosis

A

Blue color resulting from lack of oxygen in the body.

60
Q

Decompensated Shock

A

When the body can no longer compensate for low blood volume or lack of perfusion.
-Falling BP develops

61
Q

Dehydration

A

Abnormally low amount of water in the body.

62
Q

Defibrillation

A

Electrical Shock to stop the fibrillation of the heart muscles and restore normal rhythm.

63
Q

Diabetes Mellitus (diabetes)

A

Condition brought on by decreased insulin production/inability of body cells to use insulin properly.

64
Q

Diaphragm

A

A major muscle of respiration, divides chest cavity from abdominal cavity.

65
Q

Distention

A

To be stretched, inflated or larger than normal.

66
Q

Distal

A

Farther away from the torso.

67
Q

Duty to act

A

Obligation to provide care.

68
Q

Dyspnea

A

Difficulty breathing - shortness of breath.

69
Q

Dysrhythmia

A

Disturbance in the heart rate and rhythm.

70
Q

Eclampsia

A

Severe complication of pregnancy that produces seizures and coma.

71
Q

Ectopic Pregnancy

A

Implantation of the fertilized egg is not in the body of the uterus.

72
Q

Edema

A

Swelling - Associated w/ the movement of water.

73
Q

Embolism

A

Blockage of a vessel by clot/foreign material brought to site by blood current.

74
Q

Endocrine System

A

Collection of glands that produce hormones that regulate different things.

75
Q

Epilepsy

A

Medical condition that causes seizures.

76
Q

Epiglottitis

A

When an infection inflames the area around and above the epiglottis causing the tissue to swell.

77
Q

Epinephrine

A

Hormone produced by the body. As a medication, it dilates respiratory passages.

78
Q

Evisceration

A

An intestine or internal organ protruding through a wound in the abdomen.

79
Q

Expiration/Exhalation

A

Passive process, which intercostal muscles relax, causing chest cavity to decrease in size forcing air from the lungs.

80
Q

Expressed Consent

A

Consent given by adults who are of legal age and mentally competent.

81
Q

Femoral Artery

A

Major artery supplying the leg.

82
Q

Femur

A

Large bone of the thigh.

83
Q

Fibula

A

Lateral and smaller bone of the lower leg.

84
Q

Flail Chest

A

Fracture of two or more adjacent ribs in two or more places allowing free movement of fractured segment.

85
Q

Fontanelle

A

Soft spot on an infants anterior scalp.

86
Q

Full thickness burn

A

3rd degree burn, involving all 3 layers.

Charred black, dry and white areas.

87
Q

Gallbladder

A

Sac under the liver that stores bile produced by the liver.

88
Q

Glucose

A

Form of sugar, body’s basic source of energy.

89
Q

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

HIPAA

A

Law protecting privacy of patient - Specific health care info.

90
Q

Hematoma

A

Swelling caused by collection of blood under the skin.

91
Q

Hemorrhage

A

Bleeding - especially severe bleeding

92
Q

Hemothorax

A

Blood in the chest cavity.

93
Q

Homeostasis

A

To maintain a condition of balance or equilibrium.

94
Q

Humerous

A

Bone of the upper arm.

95
Q

Hyperglycemia

A

High blood sugar

96
Q

Hyperglycemia & Hypoglycemia

A

Hyper: slower onset, warm red dry skin, has acetone breath.

Hypo: More rapid onset, cold pale moist skin, does not have acetone breath.

97
Q

Hypertension

A

High blood pressure.

98
Q

Hypoglycemia

A

Low blood sugar.

99
Q

Hypoperfusion

A

Inadequate perfusion of the cells and tissues - caused by insufficient flow of blow through the capillaries.

Shock

100
Q

Hypovolemic Shock / Hemorrhagic Shock

A

Shock resulting from blood loss or fluid loss.

101
Q

Hypoxia

A

Insufficiency of oxygen in body’s tissues.

102
Q

Hypoxia readings

A

96-100: Normal
91-95: Mild Hypoxia
86-90: Moderate Hypoxia
85 & below: Severe Hypoxia

103
Q

Implied Consent

A

Presumed a patient or patients parent would give if they could, such as for an unconscious patient or parent that cant be reached.

104
Q

Infancy

A

Birth to 1 year of age.
Vitals: HR = 140-160/min
Respirations = 40-60 @ birth 30-40 soon after
Systolic BP = 70-90

105
Q

Inferior

A

Away from the head.

106
Q

Inspiration/Inhalation

A

Active process, which the intercostal muscles contract, expanding the size of chest cavity causing air to flow into the lungs.

107
Q

Insulin

A

Hormone produced by the pancreas or taken as a medication by diabetics.

108
Q

Irreversible Shock

A

Body has lost the battle to maintain perfusion to vital organs.

109
Q

Jugular Vein Distention (JVD)

A

Bulging of the neck veins.

110
Q

Kidneys

A

Filter blood and regulate fluid levels in the body.

111
Q

Labor + Stages

A

3 stages of delivery
1st = starts with contractions, ends when cervix is dilated.
2nd = When baby enters birth canal until he is born.
3rd = After baby is born until afterbirth (placenta, cord, amniotic sac)

112
Q

Laceration

A

A cut.

113
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the midline of the body.

114
Q

Layers of skin

A

Epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous layers.

115
Q

Liability

A

Being held legally responsible.

116
Q

Liver

A

Largest organ in the body - Which produces bile to assist in breakdown of fats.

Advanced EMT (27 decks)

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