Human Body Systems Flashcards
Metabolism
Chemical process that allows the body to grow, reproduce, and repair itself and respond to its environment
Intravascular fluid
Fluid in the blood vessel made up of blood cells and serum (water, clotting factors, chemicals, and electrolytes)
Connective tissue
Tissue that provides structure and strength to the body
Examples:
Bones
Cartilage
Adipose tissue (fat)
Muscle tissue
Consists of three sub types of muscle tissues
- Skeletal
- Smooth
- Cardiac
Anatomical planes
Frontal or cornal: divides front and back head to toe
Sagittal: divides left and right head to toe
Transverse or horizontal: divides upper and lower halves
Skeletal system
Bones, cartilage, tendons and ligaments:
Bones: provide body with structure and protection
Tendons: connective tissue connecting bones the muscle
Ligaments: connective tissue connecting bone to bone
Hemoglobin
Protein molecule in RBCs that carry oxygen from lungs to body tissues and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs
Spinal column
Consists of 33 bones (vertebrae)
Cervical - 7 Thoracic - 12 Lumbar - 5 Sacral - 5 Coccyx - 4
Tidal volume
Lung volume of Norman volume of air displaced between inhalation and exhalation
Approx: 500 ml
Minute volume
Today volume x respiratory rate
Homeostasis
The state of dynamic equilibrium maintained by the body through processes of feedback and adjustment
Cardiovascular system
Heart, blood, and blood vessels that provide blood access to tissues/organs for gas exchange and nutrients
Pulmonary Embolus
Blockage of an artery in the lungs
The heart
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The heart has 4 chambers
Arteries/ veins
Arteries - carry blood away from the heart. Most cases blood is oxygenated except for pulmonary artery which pumps unoxygenated blood from right ventricle to lungs
Veins- carry blood back to the heat. Most cases blood is unoxygenated except for pulmonary veins which bring oxygenated blood from lungs to left atrium
