mediators of inflammation Flashcards
what are the cell surface mediators of acute inflammation?
ICAM-1 and P selectin
what is the function of cell surface mediators?
allows neutrophils to adhere to endothelial cells in blood vessels
what is the function of histamine in acute inflammation and where is it releases from?
it is released from mast cells and is IgE mediated. It causes vasodilation and increaesed permeability of the blood vessels
what is the function of seratonin in acute inflammation and where is it released from?
released from platelets when they degranulate. It causes vasoconstriction
what is the function of prostaglandins in acute inflammation?
promote the effects of histamine
what is the function of the prostaglandin thromboxane in acute inflammation?
promotes platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction
what is the function of leukotrienes in acute inflammation and where is it released from?
they are secreted by neutrophils and they are vasoactive, constricting smooth muscle and increasing vessel permeability
what is the function of the inflammatory mediators omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids?
decreases the release of leukotrienes and other arachadonic acid metabolites
what is the function of the inflammatory mediator platelet activating factor?
reduces vessel permeability by enhancing platelet degranulation at the site of the injury
what is the function of cytokines and chemokines in inflammation?
small molecules produced by macrophages, lymphocytes and endothelium in response to inflammatory stimuli. These attract more inflammatory factors by chemotaxis. examples incude TNF-α and interleukin 1
what is the function of nitric oxide in inflammation?
produced by various cells on demand, it causes smooth muscle to relax, is an anti-platelet and also regulates the recruitment of leukocytes
what is the function of oxygen free radicals in an inflammatory response?
released by neutrphils on phagocytosis and amplify other mediator effects
what is the role of blood coagulation pathways in inflammation
clots fibrinigen in the exudate and acts to localise inflammatory effects and also causes vasoconstriction
what is the role of the kinin system in inflammation?
bradykinin causes pain, this is a protective function to limit exposure
what is the function of the complement cascade in inflammation?
ties inflammation with the immune system. The active components stimulate increased permeability, chemotaxis, phagocytosis and cell breakdown
