drug-drug interactions Flashcards
what is a drug interaction?
the modification of a drugs effect by prior or concomitant (naturally accompanying) administration of another Drug, Herb, Foodstuff, Drink
what is the evidence that a drug interaction has occurred?
the pharmacological effect of two or more drugs given together is not just a direct function of their individual effects
types of drug interactions
drug with:
- drug
- food
- herbal
- drink
pharmacogenetic interactions
pharmacogenetics
study of inherited genetic differences in drug metabolic pathways which can affect individual responses to drugs, both in terms of therapeutic effect as well as adverse effects.
what is an object drug?
the drug whose activity is effected by such a drug other compound interaction
precipitant
the agent which precipitates a drug interaction
diseases whose treatment is reliant on drug interactions
- hypertension
- Parkinson’s
why is therapeutic drug monitoring carried when treating with drugs involved with serious interaction?
these drugs have narrow therapeutic indexes so any interactions can induce profound toxicity
which groups of patients are susceptible to drug interactions?
-patients on many drugs (polypharmacy)
-the elderly
-the young
-the critically ill
patients undergoing complicated surgical procedures
-patients with some chronic conditions
chronic conditions which will increase drug interactions
- liver disease
- renal impairment
- diabetes mellitus
- epilepsy
- asthma
additive interactions
drug effects are added together
antagonistic interactions
drug effects cancel each other out
what effects can a drug have in the gut?
- Formation of insoluble complexes
- Altered PH.
- Altered bacterial flora.
- Altered GIT motility.
what do drug interactions in the gut cause (in terms of absorption)?
changes in absorption rate
what type of antibiotics destroy normal gut flora?
broad spectrum
