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MCAT > MCAT Psych Sociology ALL > Flashcards

MCAT Psych Sociology ALL Flashcards

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MCAT flashcards
1
Q

___ positively reinforces certain behaviors through the use of secondary reinforcers that can be exchanged for desirable rewards

A

Token Economy

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2
Q

Monocular cue where objects in foreground are perceived as moving faster than objects in the background

A

Motion parallax (relative motion)

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3
Q

An optic illusion in which a series of still photographs presented in rapid succession appear to be moving

A

Phi phenomenon

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4
Q

Multitasking is affected by __,___ and__

A

task similarity, task difficulty, and practice

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5
Q

__ is side of brain specialized for visuospatial, emotional, and artistic/music processing

A

Right hemisphere

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6
Q

____ side of brain is specialized for linguistic and analytical processing

A

Left Hemisphere

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7
Q

__ occurs when previously learned information interferes with the learning of new information

A

Proactive interference

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8
Q

___ occurs when more recent information interferes with the recall of previously learned information

A

Retroactive interference

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9
Q

__ describes degree to which a measure or experiment is consistant

A

Reliability

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10
Q

___ refers to the accuracy of a measure or experiment

A

Validity

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11
Q

___ emphasizes the diagnosis of physiological causes by physicians and treatment of symptoms using drugs when it comes to mental illness

A

Biomedical approach to mental illness

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12
Q

Reduced power of religion as religious involvement declines

A

Secularization

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13
Q

Is the degree to which an individual internalizes and incorporates that religion into their life

A

Religiosity (religiousness)

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14
Q

Refers to the ability to influence and control others

A

Power

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15
Q

Refers to whether others perceive power as legitimate

A

Authority

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16
Q

Scientifically studies individuals in their own communities to learn about culture, norms, and values within an area

A

Ethnographies

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17
Q

The independent variable is on the __

A

x-axis

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18
Q

The dependent variable (being tested) goes on __

A

y-axis

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19
Q

Overlapping confidence intervals indicate that _

A

difference between two groups may or may not be statistically significant

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20
Q

In the fovea of the eye we have __

A
  • Increased density of cone receptors
  • Bright light conditions
  • Increased visual accuity
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21
Q

In the peripheral of the visual field we have

A

Increased density of rod photoreceptors
Dim light condition
Motion perception
-Increased light sensitivity

22
Q

This Gestalt principle describes how our minds fill in gaps in an image

A

Principle of Subjective Contours/Reification/Illusory Controus

23
Q

___ main function is sound processing and transmission of auditory information to the temporal lobe of the brain

A

Organ of Corti

24
Q

Monocular depth cue that states closer objects will overlap in front of objects that are further away

A

Interposition

25
Q

Monocular depth cue that states highlights and shadows help to give objects the appearance of depth

A

Light and Shadow

26
Q

Monocular depth cue that states closer objects show more fine detail than objects that are further away

A

Texture Gradients

27
Q

Monocular depth cue that states further objects appear smaller than closer objects of same size

A

Relative size

28
Q

Monocular depth cue that states further objects are perceived at a higher distance within a field

A

Relative height

29
Q

Monocular depth cue that states distance between parallel lines appear narrower as they become further away

A

Linear perspective

30
Q

States that color vision occurs because of opposing responses of three sensory receptors (red-green complex, blue-yellow complex, and black white complex)

A

Opponent-process theory of color vision

31
Q

Describes a linear relationship between two values, the r value ranges from -1 to +1 and reflects strength and direction

A

Correlation coefficient (r -value)

32
Q

states that specific wavelength frequencies generate vibrations at specific loci on the basilar membrane of the cochlea

A

Place theory

33
Q

Hair cells at the base of the basilar membrane are activated by __

A

high frequency sound

34
Q

Hair cells at the apex of the basilar membrane are activated by __

A

low frequency sounds

35
Q

help us to detect linear acceleration and head positioning. In these are Ca crystals attached to hair cells in viscous gel. If we go from lying down to standing up, they move, and pull on hair cells which triggers AP.

A

Otolithic organs (Utricle and Saccule)

36
Q

– space filled with aqueous humour, which provides pressure to maintain shape of eyeball.`

A

Anterior Chamber

37
Q

hole made by iris, which determines eye color

A

Pupil

38
Q

__results from beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors that are contradicting, or incompatible with personal beliefs

A

Cognitive Dissonance

39
Q

__describes how complex social behaviors (mating, aggression, altruism) persist in populations

A

Evolutionary game theory

40
Q

____by James Marcia evaluates the psychological progress of individuals based on their level of committment and degree of exploration

A

Identity development theory

41
Q

__ describes research subjects acting different from how they normally behave as a result of knowing they are being observed

A

Hawthorne effect

42
Q

A microsociological perspective concerned with the interpersonal interactions through which people develop subjective meanings shaping social reality

A

Symbolic interactionism

43
Q

In __ the definition of the situation allows people to understand the role of everyone involved in a social encounter so each person acts accordingly

A

Symbolicm interactionism

44
Q

__ occurs when the implicit influences of group causes an individual to align his/her thoughts or actions with the group

A

Conformity

45
Q

__ describes the degree to which a measure is consistent

A

Reliability

46
Q

__ describes the extent to which an experiment is replicable or reproducible

A

Reliability

47
Q

__ describes how one’s self-concept (ideas and beliefs about self) is shaped by group membership

A

Social identity

48
Q

__ refers to the extent to which an individual perceives himself or herself as a member of a larger collective

A

Group identification

49
Q

__ is a functional neuroimaging technique that measures physiological activity in the brain

A

Positron emission tomography (PET)

50
Q

___ is a type of conformity in which an individual carries out the orders of an authority figure, even when doing so results in immoral or unethical behavior

A

Obedience to authority

MCAT (45 decks)

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