MCAT Biology Circulatory, Lymph, and immune response part 2 Flashcards
Plasma with the clotting factor removed. __ is often used in diagnostic test since it does not clot
Serum
A region of specialized cardiac muscle cells in the right atrium of the heart that initiate the impulse for heart contraction
Sinatrial node SA node
The __ is known as the “pacemaker of the heart
Sinatrial node
A blood pressure cuff is a __
sphygmomanometer
An abdominal organ that is considered part of the immune system
Spleen
The spleen has four functions
- filters antigens from the blood
- site of B cell maturation
- Stores blood
- Destroys old red blood cells
The volume of blood pumped out of the heart in a single beat (contraction)
Stroke volume
The period of time during which the ventricles of the heart are contracted
Systole
The pressure measured in the arteries during contraction of the ventricles
Systolic pressure
__destroy abnormal self-cells (Cancer cells) and infected cells
Killer T cells
___secrete chemicals that help killer Ts and B cells proliferate
Helper T cells
A blood clot that forms in an unbroken blood vessel
Thrombus
__are dangerous because they can break free and begin traveling in the bloodstream as emboli. Emboli ultimately become stuck in a small vessel and prevent adequate blood delivery to tissues beyond the sticking point, leading to tissue death.
A brain embolism can lead to stroke
A heart embolism to a heart attack
Pulmonary embolism to respiratory failure
Thrombus
An immune organ located near the heart, it is the site of T cell maturation it is LARGER in children and adolescents
Thymus
Paired masses of lymphatic tissue near the back of the throat that help trap inhaled or swallowed pathogens
Tonsils
A person with the blood type AB+ is a __
universal acceptor (recipient)
This person’s red blood cells possess all the typical blood surface proteins, they will not display an immune reaction if transfused with any of the other blood types
Universal acceptor (recipient)
A person with blood type __ is the universal donor
O-
This person’s red blood cells possess none of the typical blood surface proteins, they can’t initiate an immune reaction in a recipient
Universal donor
A waste product of protein breakdown, produced by the liver and released into the bloodstream to be eliminated by the kidneys
Urea
A blood vessel that carries blood toward the chambers
Vein
___do not have muscular walls, have valves to ensure that blood flows in one direction only, and are typically low-pressure vessels
Veins
One of the two large vessels that return deoxygenated blood to the right atrium of the heart
Vena cava
The amount of blood returned to the heart by the vena cavae
Venous return
The __ has thin walls and pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs through the pulmonary artery.
Right Ventricle
The ___ has thick walls and pumps oxygenated blood to the body through the aorta
Left ventricle
