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Abdominal Pathology > Lesson 4C (Part 3) > Flashcards

Lesson 4C (Part 3) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the second most common malignant tumours?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

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2
Q

SCC

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

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3
Q

How does SCC appear on US?

A

Diffusely enlarged kidney

- stones are often seen as well

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4
Q

What are contributing factors to SCC? (3)

A
  1. Chronic infection
  2. Stones
  3. Irritation
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5
Q

What can SCC occur?

A

Bladder diverticuli

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6
Q

What are the best staging modalities for SCC? (2)

A
  1. CT

2. MRI

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7
Q

Where is adenocarcinoma rare? (3)

A
  1. Pelvis
  2. Ureter
  3. Bladder
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8
Q

What do patients have a history of with adenocarcinoma?

A

Chronic UTI

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9
Q

What can be present with adenocarcinoma?

A

Staghorn calculi

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10
Q

What does adenocarcinoma look like sonographically? (2)

A
  1. Pelvic, ureteric or bladder mass is seen

2. Calcification/stones

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11
Q

What does onccocytoma look like?

A

RCC

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12
Q

Who is onccocytoma more commonly seen in?

A

Men

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13
Q

What can not be used to differentiate onccocytoma from RCC? (2)

A
  1. US

2. CT

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14
Q

What is the treatment for onccocytoma?

A

Surgical resection

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15
Q

What is the most common benign renal tumour?

A

Renal adenoma

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16
Q

What is the sonographic appearance of renal adenoma?

A

Mimics renal cell carcinoma

17
Q

Who is renal adenoma more commonly seen in?

A

Men

18
Q

What is renal adenoma associated with?

A

Smoking

19
Q

What is renal adenoma more common in? (2)

A
  1. VHL disease

2. Acquired renal cystic disease

20
Q

AML

A

Angiomyolipoma

21
Q

What is AML compared of? (3)

A
  1. Adipose tissue
  2. Smooth muscle
  3. Blood vessels
22
Q

Who is AML more commonly seen in?

A

Middle aged women

23
Q

What modality is commonly used to identify AML?

A

US

24
Q

What happens if AML grows?

A

You may get hemorrhage

25
Q

What are symptoms of AML? (3)

A
  1. Hematuria
  2. Flank pain
  3. Palpable flank mass
26
Q

Where is AML located? (2)

A
  1. In parenchyma

2. Exophytic

27
Q

What is not normally in the kidney?

A

Lymphoid tissue

28
Q

What is in the kidney with lymphoma of the kidney?

A

Lymphoid tissue

29
Q

How does lymphoid tissue get to the kidney? (2)

A
  1. Blood

2. Retro-peritoneal involvement

30
Q

What does lymphoma of the kidney occur with?

A

Non Hodgkins lymphoma

31
Q

How does lymphoma of the kidney appear on US? (5)

A
  1. Solitary or multiple
  2. Homogenous or anechoic nodules in the parenchyma
  3. Kidney may be enlarge
  4. Vascular and ureteral encasement may occur
  5. Hydronephrosis from the retroperitoneal masses

Abdominal Pathology (49 decks)

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