Lesson 4C (Part 3)

Question 1

What is the second most common malignant tumours?

Answer 1

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 2

SCC

Answer 2

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 3

How does SCC appear on US?

Answer 3

Diffusely enlarged kidney

- stones are often seen as well

Question 4

What are contributing factors to SCC? (3)

Answer 4

1. Chronic infection
2. Stones
3. Irritation

Question 5

What can SCC occur?

Answer 5

Bladder diverticuli

Question 6

What are the best staging modalities for SCC? (2)

Answer 6

1. CT

2. MRI

Question 7

Where is adenocarcinoma rare? (3)

Answer 7

1. Pelvis
2. Ureter
3. Bladder

Question 8

What do patients have a history of with adenocarcinoma?

Answer 8

Chronic UTI

Question 9

What can be present with adenocarcinoma?

Answer 9

Staghorn calculi

Question 10

What does adenocarcinoma look like sonographically? (2)

Answer 10

1. Pelvic, ureteric or bladder mass is seen

2. Calcification/stones

Question 11

What does onccocytoma look like?

Answer 11

RCC

Question 12

Who is onccocytoma more commonly seen in?

Answer 12

Men

Question 13

What can not be used to differentiate onccocytoma from RCC? (2)

Answer 13

1. US

2. CT

Question 14

What is the treatment for onccocytoma?

Answer 14

Surgical resection

Question 15

What is the most common benign renal tumour?

Answer 15

Renal adenoma

Question 16

What is the sonographic appearance of renal adenoma?

Answer 16

Mimics renal cell carcinoma

Question 17

Who is renal adenoma more commonly seen in?

Answer 17

Men

Question 18

What is renal adenoma associated with?

Answer 18

Smoking

Question 19

What is renal adenoma more common in? (2)

Answer 19

1. VHL disease

2. Acquired renal cystic disease

Question 20

AML

Answer 20

Angiomyolipoma

Question 21

What is AML compared of? (3)

Answer 21

1. Adipose tissue
2. Smooth muscle
3. Blood vessels

Question 22

Who is AML more commonly seen in?

Answer 22

Middle aged women

Question 23

What modality is commonly used to identify AML?

Answer 23

US

Question 24

What happens if AML grows?

Answer 24

You may get hemorrhage

Question 25

What are symptoms of AML? (3)

Answer 25

1. Hematuria
2. Flank pain
3. Palpable flank mass

Question 26

Where is AML located? (2)

Answer 26

1. In parenchyma

2. Exophytic

Question 27

What is not normally in the kidney?

Answer 27

Lymphoid tissue

Question 28

What is in the kidney with lymphoma of the kidney?

Answer 28

Lymphoid tissue

Question 29

How does lymphoid tissue get to the kidney? (2)

Answer 29

1. Blood

2. Retro-peritoneal involvement

Question 30

What does lymphoma of the kidney occur with?

Answer 30

Non Hodgkins lymphoma

Question 31

How does lymphoma of the kidney appear on US? (5)

Answer 31

1. Solitary or multiple
2. Homogenous or anechoic nodules in the parenchyma
3. Kidney may be enlarge
4. Vascular and ureteral encasement may occur
5. Hydronephrosis from the retroperitoneal masses