Lesson 1A (Part 1) Flashcards
What does couinauds anatomy allow?
Evaluation of liver in multiple planes so that radiologist can precisely localize a lesion to a given segment in the report to a surgeon
What is the couinauds anatomy based on?
The portal system
What does each segment in the couinauds anatomy have?
Its own blood supply
- artery
- portal vein
- hepatic vein
What are the functions of the liver? (7)
- Produces most proteins needed by the body
- Metabolizes or breaks down nutrients for food to produce energy when needed
- Stores certain vitamins, minerals and sugars
- Produces bile
- Produces most of the substances that regulate blood clotting
- Immune Function
- fight infection by removing bacteria from the blood - Removes potentially toxic byproducts of certain medications
What makes up the triad in the liver? (3)
- Portal vein
- Hepatic artereis
- Bile duct
What does the hepatic artery do?
Supplies oxygenated blood
What does the portal vein do? (2)
- Supplies WBC
2. Returns flow to the liver from the intestines for cleansing
What does the central vein do?
Drains old blood back to the hepatic veins
What are the branches of the celiac artery?
- Common hepatic artery
- Left gastric artery
- Left splenic artery
What forms the main portal vein/portal confluence? (2)
- SMV
2. Splenic vein
What does the hepatic veins do?
Drains blood from the liver into the IVC, that is deoxygenated and returns it to the cardiopulmonary system for rejuvenation
What is the exception for normal doppler flow in the liver?
The right descending portal
- hepatofugal
Hepatofugal
Flow directed away from the liver
Hepatopetal
Flow directed towards the liver
Which structure separates the medial and lateral left lobe?
Left intersegmental fissure
Which structures lie within the left intersegmental fissure? (3)
- Cranially
- LHV - Middle
- Ascending LPV - Caudally
- ligamentum teres
The hepatic veins are visualized when scanning which portion of the liver?
Superior
What does the MHV separate?
Anterior right lobe and medial left lobe
What borders on each side of the RHV?
Anterior and posterior RL
What is the name of the capsule surrounding the liver?
Glisson’s capsule
Why is there a bare area on the liver?
Lacks peritoneum
What does the right lobe measure to be?
13-17cm
- varies due to body type
When is the liver considered an abnormal size?
> 14cm
- compare to kidneys for more proof
What is the echogenicity of the liver compared to the kidney?
Slightly hyperechoic
What is the echotexture of the liver?
Homogenous
What is the contour of the liver?
Smooth borders
What is the flow of the portal venous?
Hepatopetal
What kind of flow are the hepatic veins? (2)
- Phasic flow
- somewhat pulsatile due to their proximity to the heart - Hepatofugal
What kind of flow are the hepatic arteries?
Hepatopetal
- should have low resistance
What can the main portal vein not be greater than for an AP measurement?
13mm
- 1.3 cm
