Lecture 7: Musculoskeletal Development Across the Lifespan Flashcards
Skeletal , muscle tissue, limb buds = what week
5
Limb movements = what week
8th
Kick legs, turning feet, bending wrist, turn heading head, opening mouth, and swallowing = what month
3rd month
Thumb sucking = what month
4th
Infancy has what type fibers primarily
Type 1 (slow twitch)
What is sarcopenia?
Decresed muscle mass
note infants have this
How much does muscle mass decrease after age 30
3-8%
note this number increases after 60
Neurmuscular alternations include a decrease in the nervous firing rate to muscle, the number of motor neurons, and the regenerative abilities of the nervous tissue
Connective tissue = dense ordinary connective tissue: regular or irregular
Do tendons have a regular or iregular arrangement?
Connective tissue that surrounds bones, muscles, heart is regular or iregular?
1 = regular
2 = irregular
Where is cartilage primarily found?
Articulating joints
Clavicle, manduble, and facial, cranial flat bones (irregular bones primarily) ossify how?
Intramembranous ossification
Deposition of bone on a cartilaginous model, limb bud, or outgrowth
Endochondral ossification
more long bone
Primarily ossification center that grows outward in the middle
Secondary in the ends of the bones that grow inward
* dont fully meet till ~18
Epiphyseal plates: allow the bone to grow until adult stature is attained
When is almost all bone growht done by?
18 (boys earlier than girls)
where would you guess you see bone fractions more older or younger?
Older: osteoblast activity decrease and osteoclast activity increases
Children have more cartilage so can absorb force/wt more
Result of joint mobility and the extensibility of soft tissues that cross the joint
Flexibility
What is physiologic flexion?
Wanting to be in flexion more as a baby
* becuse they were crunched up in utero
When do you see physiological flexion?
In both infants and older adults
old adults because age related changes at the cellular level compromise repair/function
KNOW: Babies typically have more ROM because they don’t have as much ossification (all the bones havent fully come together yet) and they’re already in ltos of physiological flexion