Lecture 3: Factors for poor fetal outcome(s) Flashcards
What is considered full term
39-40 weeks
What is considered early perterm?
What is considered late pre term?
Does birth weight convert to how much you’re going to weigh when you’re older?
No
What is considered an extremely low birth weight?
2.2 pounds
What is considered an average birth weight?
5.51=8.82
KNOW: low birth weight = increased risk of death
Earlier their born = lower birth weight = increased risk of death
What is the leading cause of infant mortality?
Low birth weight
What is considered high birth weight?
8lbs 13 oz+
Shoulder dystocia = shoulders getting caught when coming out
Meconium aspiration = swallowing first shit because they’re in there longer
Are their long term poor outcomes w/ high birth weight?
No
What is the APGAR scoring system and what does it tell you?
* What is a perfect score?
Scoring system to see if the baby needs immediate help
Done right after they’re born
Not a predictor of long term outcomes
KNOW: Babies HR should be very high
10 = perfect and what we want
Overall Motality for babies
5.87
States w/ lower = longer trip to hospital / decreased education / food
TEST Leading causes of infant mortality
1) Perterm birth and low birth weight
2) Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities
3) Sudden infant death syndrome
4) Materanl pregnancy complications
5) Injuries (suffication etc..)
Why did SIDS decrease in the 90s
back to sleep
KNOW: Assisted delivery - this is forceps or vacuum extraction
Intraventricular hemorrhage (brain bleed)
Scalp wounds
Brachial plexus injury
Collarbone or other fractures
Skull Fx
Bleeding within the skill
When does the neural tube close? if it doesnt close what happens?
* What prevents it
Closes at 6 weeks
Causes Spina bifida / anencephaly
50-70% can be prevented by folic acid daily before and in beginning of pregnancy
* % went down in 98 because cereals had folic acid –> rates are going up again because people are staying away from carbs/other grains
When do most people get prental care?
Smoking is associated w/ birth defects - people used to do this to lower birth weight
* think lower birth weight
fetal alcohol syndrome symptopms
What are the 4 fetal alcohol spectrum disorders?
1) Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - encompases almost everything, can see it in the facial features etc..
2) Partial Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
3) Alcohol related birth defects
4) Alcohol releated neurodevelopmental deficits
All 3 dysmorphic facial features
and then the other 2
1) Smooth Philtrum
2) Thin vermillion border
3) Small Palpebral fissures
Growth deficits
CNS Abnormality
To have fecal alcohol syndrome you need to have all these