Lecture 16 - Adolescence

Question 1

Neonatal time frame

Answer 1

Brith-27 days

Question 2

Infancy time frame

Answer 2

28-12 months

Question 3

Toddler time frame

Answer 3

13 months - 2 years
* up to when they stop toddling around

Question 4

Early childhood (pre-school) time frame

Answer 4

2-5 years

Question 5

Middle childhood age range

Answer 5

6-11 years

Question 6

Early Adolescence timeframe

Answer 6

12-18

Question 7

Late Adolesnce range

Answer 7

19-21

Question 8

KNOW: Biological maturity comes before psychosocial maturity

Question 9

One of the most rapid phases of human development due to puberity =

Answer 9

Adolesence

Question 10

Eriksons (behaviorism) stage-Age 13-21 = Identity vs role confusion - on test
* Transition from childhood to adulthood
* Becoming more independent
* Begin to look at future in terms of career, relationships, family, housing etc

Question 11

Piaget-Formal Operation Stage - on test
* 12 years to adulthood
* What is thinking like?

Answer 11

Thikning no longer bound to observable, physical events

Utilizes abstract, logical and formal thinking in order to make sense of environment

Able to approach and resolve problems systematically by formulating hypothesis and methodically testing them out

According to Piaget-not all individuals reach this age of development are capable of formal operational though

Question 12

brain changes on test
* Which 4 areas of the brain develop the most in adolsence?
* What happens to myelin
* Synaptic pruning also happens at this point. What is that?

Answer 12

Develop the most
1) Frontal cortex development (personality, filter)
2) Corpus Collosum development (connects R/L sides of brain) - still developing in teenage years = hold thoughts on both sides of brain)
3) Limbic system/Amygdala development

Increase in Myelin - Speeds up conduction
* Makes reflexes faster
* Thats why you don’t expect a 7year old to be able to hit 80 mph pitch

Synaptic pruning
* Use it or lose it. If you arent using the area the brain deletes them

Question 13

In adolesence: morals, values, and self direction
* Rule and limit testing
* Capacity for abstract thought; beginning to understand the potential consequences of future behaviors
* Development of ideals and selecion of role models
* Experimentation w/ sex and drugs
* Importance of peer group and friends (they affect how you’ll act)

Question 14

Scale of physical development in childre, adolsence and adults
* What sex characteristics does it look at

Answer 14

Tanner scale (its our puberty scale)

defines physical measurements of development base don external and primary and secondary sex characteristics

Not asking specific skills

Question 15

What are primary sex characteristics?

Answer 15

Characteristics that were there at birth
( enis
Testes
Vagina
Ovaries

Question 16

What are secondary sex characteristics

Answer 16

What happens in puberty

Question 17

Female secondary sex characteristics - Test
* Enlargement of brests and erection of nips
* Growth of body hair most prominently underarm and pubic hair
* Greater development of thigh muscles behidn the femur
* Widening of hips
* Lower waist to hip ratio than males
* Changed distribution in weight and fat; more subQ fat and fat deposits, mainly around the buttocks, thighs, and hips

Question 18

Male secondary sex characteristics - test
* Growth of body hair, including underarm, abdominal, chest hair and pubic hair
* Greater mass of thigh muscles in front of the femur
* Growth of facial hair
* Enlargement of larynx (Adam’s apple) and deepening of voice
* Increased muscle mass and strength
* face is square, with more angular feastures
* Small waist, but wider than females
* Broadening of shoulders and chest; shoulders wider than hips
* Increased secretions of oil from sweat glands
* Coarsening or rigidity of skin texture due to less subQ

Question 19

Which sex has greater muscle mass in front of femur (quads)

Answer 19

Male

Question 20

Greater development of thigh muscles behind the femur

Answer 20

Female

Question 21

Which sex has a lower waist to hip ratio?

Answer 21

Females

Question 22

Which sex has a wider waist?

Answer 22

Males

Question 23

Menarche =
* Average age
* Typical age range
* what percent by age 15
* typicall stop growing how many years after?

Answer 23

Period

12.5 = average

typical age = 8-13

98% of females by 15

typically stop growing 1-2 years after puberty

Question 24

Age of periods has gone down because of better nutrition
* Malnutrition = not getting period

Question 25

Male puberty range * how far after do they stop growing * almost all have stopped growing by

Answer 25

9-16 Typically stop growing 2-5 years after Most stop growing by 16

Question 26

Who develops physically first

Answer 26

girls

Question 27

Answer 27

Question 28

# -0oie teenage pregnancies going down

Answer 28

Question 29

Nearly 9 out of 10 cig smoker tried smoking by

Answer 29

18

Question 30

Middle hand HS smoking rates decreasing, however, thats because e-cig rate significantly increasing

Question 31

**CDC Recommendations E-cgis** - test Potential to benefit adult smokers who are not pregnant when used as a complete substitute for cigs and tobacco products Not sage for youth, young aduts, pregnant women, or adults who do not use tobacco Long term health risks unknown Current episiodes of acute, fatal, lung disease

Question 32

Question 33

Question 34

Who may feel more dependent on nicotine sooner, adults or teens

Answer 34

Teens Evidence that youth may be more sensitive to nicotine NOTE: Genetic factors may make quitting smoking more difficult for young people Mothers smoking during preggo may increase likelihood that her offspring will become regular smokers

Question 35

Depression, anxeity and stress is all link to

Answer 35

Smoking

Question 36

Positive outcomes from smoking, such as coping w/ stress and contorling wt

Question 37

Answer 37

Question 38

Know that being exposed to alc younger = less likely to binge drink

Answer 38

Question 39

Answer 39

Question 40

Answer 40

Question 41

Question 42

Question 43

Test Ages and stages of adolsence * erkinsons stages * Other stages slide * brain changes * what the tanner scale is - but not the stages * onset of puberty / secondary / primary sex charctetistics * All the other things amout smoking / drinking is harder to quiz us on * CDC guideliens for e ciggs (only time to use is to quit smoking) * The rest of the material is hard to quiz us on