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Peds > Lecture 13: Lifespan Cognitive and Speech Development > Flashcards

Lecture 13: Lifespan Cognitive and Speech Development Flashcards

1
Q

Can a baby turn its head to sound at 2 months?

A

Yes

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2
Q

Does a baby pay attention to faces at 2 months?

A

Yes

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3
Q

When does a spontaneous Smile begin?

A

4 months

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4
Q

What is a babble?

A

Just noises

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5
Q

When does a baby begin to babble (just noises) and attempt to copy sounds

A

4 months

will even try to copy tone

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6
Q

When does a baby start to react to familar faces?

A

6 months

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7
Q

When does the baby begin to get stranger anxiety

A

6 months (because this is when they can start to know faces)

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8
Q

What is reduplicated babbling begin?
* What is it

A

begins 6 months

= making the same sound over and over again - reduplicating a sound dadadadada

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9
Q

Prone on elbows with head up looking around is what month (90 degrees of head control)

A

4 months

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10
Q

prone on elbows w/ 45 degrees of head contorl

A

3 months

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11
Q

When do babies start to push onto extended arms form prone?

A

5 months

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12
Q

when can a baby begin using signs for communication?

A

9 months

NOTE: signs are good. If they’re using signs they typically start talking sooner - will decrease frustration because they can better communicate
* only a problem if this is the only way they communciate

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13
Q

When does a baby understand “NO”

A

9 months
* however, they may not care

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14
Q

When does the baby gain object permance
* What is it?

A

9 months

= think putting a toy behind back and knowing its still there (know it still exists when they can’t see it)

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15
Q

When does varigated babbling begin?
* What is it

A

9 months

= variable means change, so this just means the sounds change. contains mixes of consonant vowel combinations such as “da da by ba mi doy doy”
* So they’re mixing the sounds

reduplicated is just the same sound over and over: dadadadada

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16
Q

When does the baby start to use simple gestures, like shaking head “no” or waving bye-bye

A

12 months

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17
Q

When does a baby have favorite things or people (think stuffed animal)

A

12 months

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18
Q

When does a baby being to repeat sounds or actions to get attention?

A

12 months

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19
Q

When does the baby start using 2-3 words other than mama and dada
* NOTE: they typically start w/ nouns

A

12 months (the 2’s match up)

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20
Q

When does the baby say several single words
* minimum of 10 but should average 50-60 words

A

18 months

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21
Q

When will a baby start responding to their name?

A

18 months
* makes sense, they know words now

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22
Q

When can children follow 1-step verbal commands without any gestures

EX: sits when you say “sit down”

A

18 months

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23
Q

When will a baby start looking for help when in trouble?

A

18 months

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24
Q

What is a toddler?

A

From when they start walking (toddling) to pre school age

NOTE: Toddlers love the word mine

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25
Q

When does a baby begin to show defiant behavior?

A

24 months

NOTE: they arent defiant because they’re trying to be bad, but because they’re trying to do it their way

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26
Q

What is the Rouge test?
* when does it come?

A

Also called the mirrior tests
* Tests to see if they are aware of themselves

NOTE: they’re away of themself in a mirror

15-24 months

27
Q

When does the baby say sentences with 2-4 words?
* How many words does the baby have at this point

A

2 years old

24 months (think 2-4)

Should have 200-300 words
* think 2 again

Parents should say they have “so many words I can’t count” at this point

28
Q

At what age can children follow TWO step instructions such as “Pick up your shoes and put them in the closet”

A

2 years old (24 months)

29
Q

When can a baby sort shapes and colors?

A

2 years old

NOTE: They arent actaully going to be able to diliniate between colors or know them
* However, if they were given a pile over yellow things and green things they could split them apart (same thing w/ shapes)
* The concept of colors is hard

30
Q

When does the child start showing affection/concern for friends w/o prompting?

A

36 months

31
Q

When does the child understand the idea of mine and his or hers?

A

36 months

32
Q

Is the child ego centric (word reolves around them) at 3 years old

A

yes

33
Q

At what age does the child talk well enough for strangers to understand most of the time?

A

3

34
Q

When can the child carry on converstation using 2-3 sentences?

A

3 (matches)

35
Q

Wehn can the child screw / unscrew jar lids and turn door hands?

A

3

makes this a dangerous age because they can get into everything

36
Q

Functional Speech sound disorder is due to what?

A

No known cause

37
Q

What are the two motor / neurlogical speech sound disorders?

A

1) Execution (Dysarthria)
2) Planning (apraxia)

38
Q

KNOW: Speech sound disorders can be structural
* Think cleft palate / other orofacial anomalies
* Structural deficits due to trauma or surgery

A
39
Q

KNOW: Speech sound disorder can be sensory / perceptual
* think hearing impairment

A
40
Q

She didnt focus too much on this

A
41
Q

when sounds should develop

A
42
Q

At what age would the child rather play w/ other children than by themself

A

4

43
Q

KNOW: At 4 children often cant dilinate between real and make beleve - which can make them scared or have nightmares

At this age they will also talk about what they like/are interested in

A
44
Q

At what age can children understand the idea of “same or different”

A

4 years

45
Q

At what age will the child draw a eprson w/ 2-4 body parts?

A

4

46
Q

When will the child understand the idea of counting

A

4

like cant just say the numbers but actually understands the idea behind it

47
Q

At what age can the child tell a simple story using full setences

A

5

48
Q

When can the child start using future tense

A

5

49
Q

How high can a child count at 5

A

10+

50
Q

At 5 how many body parts will they draw on a person?

A

6+

51
Q

When can children start printing some letters or numbers?

A

5

52
Q

When do kids know their left from right?

A

6-7

53
Q

When can kids understand commands w/ three separate instructions?

A

6-7

54
Q

When can kids ride their bicycle

A

6-7

NOTE: they can also explain objects and their use at this age

55
Q

When do kids get their conservation of length, weight, and volume?

A

7-11

56
Q

When can kids count backwards

A

8-9

they get more abstract thinking at this point

57
Q

When does kid start to enjoy reading?

A

8-9

can also understand fractions at this age (think not complex amth fraction but “half the cookie”

they also have concept of space at this point

58
Q

When can kids name months and days of week in order

A

8-9

59
Q

When do kids start collecting things?

A

8-9

They collect everything, think about rock collections

60
Q

KNOW: There is a large variety of gross motor and fine motor skills at 8-9 (those kids are all different)

A
61
Q

Cognitive Development Modifiers:
* Age, Education, Gender - able to learn easier when you’re young. If you don’t have a formal education its harder to learn other things.
* Abuse, Neglect, Trauma
* Race, Ethnicity, Sexual Identity - has affect on how people are treated
* Temperament - some people like to learn some people dont
* Parenting Style - did the parents make you learn early?
* Illness
* Disabilities - kids that cant explore their environment cant learn as much - give those kdis a way to move if you can (this wasnt how it used to be but we’ve shifted to this mindset)
* Substance abuse - duh (think fetal alc syndrome)
* Culture - What does your culture expect you to learn? - there are some cultures where females don’t get educated - so they can’t increase that baseline - have to have that exposure
* (getting stuck) - getting stuck anywhere along the line where you arent learning and growing. If you arent challenging your brain its not growing - can’t be the same thing over and over (can’t just do crossword puzzles)

What happens w/ cognitive development is that you have a genetic phsyiological baseline. You can increase or decrease this cognitive baseline. There are some people out there that are super gifted (i.e., fast processing speed)
*

A
62
Q

Adolesence: Puberty - 18
* Abstract thinking increases but maintains that concepts are only right or wrong
* Knowledge is held by authorities - however, this is decreasing somewhat (highschoolers think their teachers are authritites –> however, this is shifting and the kids feel more in charge) - young people going into military now are not as willing to compley with this “push the earth”
* Difficult holding more than one point of view
* Emotions: all emotions are more intense; desire or emotional intensity - Thrill seeking, Risk taking, Theyir bodies are like supercharged car with an unskilled driver”
* Altered sleep cycle (which is why they’re pushing back the start time of public schools)
* Increase mood disorders and/or mental illness - these start to become appartent here

A
63
Q

IQ:

Most common in US currently:
* Wechsler ADult intelligence scale for adults
* Wechsler inteillgence scale for children
* Ordinally scalred 40-160
* Standardivation = 15

Other IQ tests
* Standard-Binet Intelligence Scales
* Woodcock-Hognson tests of cognitive abilities
* The kaufman Assessment battery for children
* The cognitive assessment system
* The differential ability Scales

A
64
Q

KNOW: IQ test is a snapshot in time - one time test where you may do better if you’re having a good day

KNOW: Its ordinally sclared w/ a standard deviation of 15

KNOW: IQ is on a belly curve w/ 68% falling between 85 and 115 (this is the normal IQ range)
* Average = 100
* only 2% are above 130

more kids in gifted program than should be statistically (because money)
* Should only be 2%

KNOW: for test
* 85-115 = normal (within 1 standard deviation of 100)
* 1 standard deviation = 15
* 100 = average
* above 130 = very superior - can manipulate numbers / theories in their head ver easily (know = memory and IQ is different but they do work together)

KNOW: If you’re in the average range you’re going to do fine in school - you should be able to learn in a classroom
* 70 or below are considered developmentally distabled - test

KNOW: IQ is different than processing / learning disability (great IQ but can be dyslexic)

A

Peds (30 decks)

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