lecture 4 Flashcards
macromolecules
make up the food tat animals eat, which gets broken down during digestion releasing nutrients or the building blocks for (larger) biological molecules
what can you also call a carbohydrate
-polysaccharide
-complex carbohydrate
sacch means
sugar
poly =
many
mono-
one
after water where does most of the cells weight come from
biological molecules
example of inorganic ions
calcium
most marcomolecule weight and diveristy comes from
protein
three types of macromolecules are
polymers
polymer subunits are
monosaccharide
-amino acid
-nucleotide
-peptide
macromolecule polymer example
polysaccharide
-protein
-nucleic acid
-polypeptide
when are macromolcules broken down
during digestion going through hydrolysis rxns
hydrolysis reactions
water breakage. It adds a water molecule breaking a bond between 2 monomer units
what catalyzes hydrolysis reactants
enzymes called digestive enzymes or hydrolytic enzymes
in dehydration reaction, it goes from _____->______ when water is extracted
monomer to polymer
in hydrolysis reaction it goes from ______->______ (water is added)
polymer to monomer
what type of bond is being broken during hydrolysis
covalent bond (very strong) holds monomers together
chemical nutrients cycle or flow through environment
cycle
what is responsible for absorbing monosaccharides and amino acids and transferring these molecules into the blood stream for cellular distribution
small intestine
what do food webs show
nutrient AND energy acquisition
is an essential nutrient needed in high quantities for survival
no
-your body does not make it but you acquire it (for humans through eating)
can you live without non covalent bonds
no they are very important to living life
can covalent bonds be polar
yes
as temp rises are covalent or non covalent bonds more likely to break
non covalent
list some things about hydrophobic interaction
form non polar covalent bonds like C,H
-stabilized by van der waals forces
-they occur when ions and polar molecules including water interact with another through ionic bonds and hydrogen bonds
