lecture 1 part2

Question 1

energy budget characterizes whar

Answer 1

uptake and use of energy by an organism (when they consume energy they can allocate it to fulfill their certain needs)

Question 2

food is what type of energy for animals

Answer 2

chemical energy

Question 3

for plants in photosynthesis how is food made

Answer 3

light energy is converted to chemical energy

Question 4

what are energy containing molecules from food usually used to make

Answer 4

ATP which powers cellular work

Question 5

what are the remaining food molecules used for when the needs of staying alive are met

Answer 5

biosynthesis

Question 6

biosysntheiss

Answer 6

building other organic mokecules

Question 7

what can biomolecules be used for

Answer 7

body growth and repair
-synthesis and storage material such as fat
-reproduction (production of gametes)

Question 8

what are the factors effecting energy intake

Answer 8

size of organism
-environmental conditions
-general abundance of food/prey
-presence of predator
-nutritional value of food

Question 9

how does size of organisms impact energy intake

Answer 9

with more cells, more energy is needed because every cells need needs to be met

Question 10

how does environmental conditions impact energy intake

Answer 10

cab be like mosquito larvae having to regulate body and water intake

Question 11

general abundance of food/prey impacts energy intake how

Answer 11

ie light, hibernation and migration leads to less energy intake

Question 12

how does presence of predators impact energy intake

Answer 12

if it is dangerous to go out and eat animals will eat less

Question 13

how does nutritional value of food impact energy intake

Answer 13

biomolecules and calories in food like carnivores vs herbivores

Question 14

what are two foraging strategies

Answer 14

specialist vs generalist

Question 15

specialist

Answer 15

-can fill niche
-restricted to single food source
-limited food quality (not diverse diet)
-maybe difficult to avoid predators (they know where you eat)

Question 16

generalists

Answer 16

-wide range of food source
-variable food quality
-great flexibility to avoid predators
-could have more competition if food is scarce

Question 17

what do organisms first allocate their energy for

Answer 17

survival

Question 18

how does digestion use energy

Answer 18

need to make food small eough for cells

Question 19

examples of cellular repair energy expenditure

Answer 19

like sun damage, cost more energy than normal wear and tear

Question 20

what is growth

Answer 20

increase in mass
-can also be cell division

Question 21

reproduction

Answer 21

generating offspring for next generation (laying eggs, meiosis, caring for young)

Question 22

does every organisms have its own energy budget even if they are part of same species

Answer 22

yes

Question 23

does energy budget change during species lifetime

Answer 23

yes (such as reproduction energy increasing with age)

Question 24

types of environmental changes include

Answer 24

-drought, less plant food
-deforestation, less protection more energy to avoid predator
-land subsidation
-exposure to pathogen/toxin that supresses feeding
injury
-comp
-seasons
-climates/temp changes from climate changes