lecture 12 thermodynamics part2

Question 1

what two rxns are constantly occurring in cells

Answer 1

exergonic and endergonic

Question 2

thermodynamically favorable rxns

Answer 2

cells replace ordered forms of matter with les ordered forms
-energy is released

Question 3

what does a thermodynically favorable rxn include

Answer 3

many catabolic rxns

Question 4

thermodynamically unfavorable rxns
-what does it include a lot of

Answer 4

structures from less ordered materials
-E is supplied
-includes a lot of anabolic rxns

Question 5

metabolism is

Answer 5

both catabolic and anabolic rxns

Question 6

when does passive transport occur

Answer 6

when solutes diffuse across a membrane along [] gradients

Question 7

what determined is rxn is exergonic or endergonic

Answer 7

delta G value

Question 8

G not prime is wat

Answer 8

Gibbs free energy change under standard conditions
-all rxn conditions initially at 1M []

Question 9

what is delta G dependent on

Answer 9

ratio of [] or products/[] of reactants

Question 10

what is cellular work often couples to

Answer 10

ATP hydrolysis

Question 11

chem work powers

Answer 11

endergonic rxns

Question 12

transport work transfers…

Answer 12

moleq against [] gradient

Question 13

Mechanical work moves….

Answer 13

structures within the cell

Question 14

ATP hydrolysis yields

Answer 14

ATP energy

Question 15

where is energy from oxidation of nutrients stored

Answer 15

in high energy bond

Question 16

energy stored in high energy bind is ______

Answer 16

released

Question 17

is high energy bond weaker or strong than other covalent bonds

Answer 17

weaker

Question 18

does formation of new low energy bond release more or less energy than it takes to break high energy bond in ATP

Answer 18

more

Question 19

ATP hydrolysis provides what for chem rxns

Answer 19

energy

Question 20

energy comes from

Answer 20

ATP

Question 21

ATP hydrolysis results in what

Answer 21

phosphorylated intermediate that allows energy coupling. this drives chem work

Question 22

what is phosphorylated intermediate also important in

Answer 22

ATP driven active transport of solutes across membrane
-cells are constantly using and making ATP

Question 23

why must a living cell take in nutrients

Answer 23

to harvest energy to maintain high levels of ATP at steady state far from equilivrium

Question 24

ATP hydrolysis = favorable or unfavorable

Answer 24

favorable

Question 25

what happens when the cells dies

Answer 25

[] of ATP and ADP shifts to their equilibrium values (much more ADP than ATP)

Question 26

for chem rxns what does equilibrium not mean

Answer 26

does not mean that there is an = [] of reactants and products or that all reactants are converted to products