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HUBS192 2024 > Lecture 36: FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 36: FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the female reproductive system?

A
  • produce oocytes (female gametes)
  • transport ova and spermatozoa to the appropriate site for fertilization
  • provides a site for the developing embryo and fetes to grow (protection and nourishment)
  • delivery of fetus
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2
Q

What is the perineum?

A

The region inferior to the pelvic floor and between upper region of the thighs

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3
Q

What is in the urogenital triangle?

A

External genitalia (vulva)

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4
Q

What is in the anal triangle?

A

Anus

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5
Q

What makes up the vulva?

A

The mons pubis and labia

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6
Q

What is the mons pubis?

A

In front of the pubic symphysis

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7
Q

What is the labia?

A

2 lip-like structures

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8
Q

What are the components of the labia?

A

Major (labia majora) and minor (labia minor)

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9
Q

What is the labia majora?

A

Larger and more lateral

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10
Q

What is the labia minor?

A

Smaller and more medial

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11
Q

What is the space between the labia?

A

Vestibule (associated with the vagina)

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12
Q

What is deep in the labia?

A

Vestibular glands which lubricate the vaginal orifice

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13
Q

What does the labia minora do?

A

Spreads around the vagina and the urethral (meatus) openings

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14
Q

What is the clitoris?

A

A complex erectile organ

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15
Q

What makes up the clitoris?

A

glans, body, crura (x2) and bulbs (x2)

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16
Q

What is the clitoris developmentally homologous to?

A

The penis

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17
Q

Does the urethra pass through the clitoris?

A

No, it has a separate opening

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18
Q

What are the components of the female reproductive tract?

A

ovary, uterine tubes, uterus, cervix and vagina

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19
Q

What are the parts of the uterine tube?

A

Infundibulum, ampulla and isthmus

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20
Q

What is the most lateral portion of the uterine tubes?

A

Infundibulum

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21
Q

What is the infundibulum?

A

Funnel shaped with finger like projections called fimbriae

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22
Q

What is the mid-portion of the uterine tubes?

A

Ampulla

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23
Q

What is the ampulla?

A

Dilated area where fertilisation occurs (normally)

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24
Q

What is the most medial portion of the uterine tube?

A

Isthmus

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25
Q

What does isthmus mean?

A

Narrow passage

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26
Q

Where is the uterus?

A

Posterior and overlaying the bladder

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27
Q

What is the uterus made up of?

A

The body (including the fundus) and the cervix

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28
Q

What are the layers of the uterus?

A

perimetrium, myometrium and endometrium

29
Q

What is the outer layer of the uterus?

A

Perimetrium

30
Q

What is the perimetrium?

A

Connective tissue

31
Q

What is the middle layer of the uterus?

A

Myometrium

32
Q

What is the myometrium?

A

Smooth muscle

33
Q

What is the inner layer of the uterus?

A

Endometrium

34
Q

What is the endometrium?

A

Columnar epithelium, uterine glands and arteries

35
Q

What are the layers of the endometrium?

A

Functional and basal

36
Q

What is the layer that grows and sheds during the menstrual cycle?

A

Endometrium

37
Q

What does the cervical canal provide?

A

A passage between the uterine cavity and vagina

38
Q

What is in the cervix?

A

Internal os, cervical canal and external os

39
Q

What are the spaces between the vagina and cervix?

A

Anterior and posterior formix

40
Q

What does the cervix produce?

A

Mucus

41
Q

What does the cervix regulate?

A

Sperm transport

42
Q

What is the vagina?

A

A fibromuscular, distensible (rugae) female copulatory organ

43
Q

What does the vagina function as?

A

Part of the birth canal

44
Q

What does the vagina lie between?

A

The urinary bladder and rectum

45
Q

Where does the vagina extend from?

A

The perineum to the cervix

46
Q

What is the blood supply of female reproductive system made of?

A

Direct branches off the abdominal aorta and internal iliac arteries (often connect)

47
Q

What is the blood supply of the ovaries?

A

Ovarian arteries (from abdominal aorta)

48
Q

What is the blood supply of the uterus?

A

uterine artery, arcuate arteries, radial artery, straight artery, spiral (coiled) artery (from internal iliac artery)

49
Q

What is the blood supply of the vagina?

A

Vaginal artery

50
Q

What are the ovaries?

A

Paired structures found lateral and posterior to the uterus in the lateral portion of the true pelvic cavity

51
Q

What is the ovary made up of?

A

The outer cortex (follicles) and inner medulla (connective tissue, blood/lymphatic vessels, nerves)

52
Q

What are the ovaries the site of?

A

Oogenesis and hormone production such as estradiol

53
Q

Where do oocytes develop?

A

Within the follicles of the ovaries

54
Q

what is the broad ligament?

A

Where the two layers of the peritoneum meet

55
Q

What does the peritoneum do?

A

Folds and presses over structures to create other ligaments

56
Q

What are the ligaments the broad ligament makes?

A

Mesometrium, mesosalpinx and mesovarium

57
Q

What does the mesometrium do?

A

Connects to the uterus

58
Q

What does the mesosalpinx do?

A

Connects to the uterine tube

59
Q

What does the mesovarium do?

A

Connects to the ovary

60
Q

What are other ligaments of the female reproductive system?

A

Ovarian ligament, suspensory ligament, round ligament

61
Q

What is the vesicouterine pouch?

A

Continuous fold of broad ligament (visceral peritoneum) over bladder (space between bladder and uterus)

62
Q

What is the rectouterine pouch?

A

Continuous fold of broad ligament (visceral peritoneum) over posteriorly located rectum (space between rectum and uterus)

63
Q

What is the function of the breasts?

A

Nourish infants - milk (lactation)

64
Q

What do the mammary glands lie on?

A

The pectoralis muscle

65
Q

What stimulates the development of breast tissue?

A

Estradiol and progesterone

66
Q

What makes up the structure of mammary glands?

A

lobes > lobules > alveoli > lactiferous ducts > lactiferous sinuses that open at nipple pores

67
Q

How many lobes per mammary gland?

A

15-20 separated by fibrous and adipose tissue

68
Q

What supports the mammary glands?

A

Suspensory ligaments (from skin to pectoralis)

HUBS192 2024 (38 decks)

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