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HUBS192 2024 > Lecture 11: CONTROLLING REGIONAL BLOOD FLOWS > Flashcards

Lecture 11: CONTROLLING REGIONAL BLOOD FLOWS Flashcards

1
Q

What does low pressure mean?

A

Lack of control of flow

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2
Q

What does high pressure mean?

A

Full control of flow

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3
Q

Why must high mean arterial pressure be maintained?

A

For full control over blood flow

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4
Q

What is the design of the systemic circulation?

A

Parallel

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5
Q

How is the arterial network in the systemic circulation?

A

Continually branching

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6
Q

What does the branching in the systemic circulation do?

A

Divides blood flow among the regional (organ) circulations

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7
Q

What does each organ receive?

A

An individual flow of blood which may be different to the flow of another organ

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8
Q

What is flow into an organ the same as?

A

The flow out of an organ

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9
Q

What is the total flow equal to?

A

All of the flows into individual organs added together

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10
Q

The total flow into the pulmonary and systemic circuits is …

A

the same

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11
Q

Where does blood flow to increase during exercise?

A

Muscle, heart and skin (so that heat can be lost)

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12
Q

Where does blood flow to decrease during exercise?

A

GI tract and kidneys

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13
Q

Where does blood flow to stay the same during exercise?

A

Brain

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14
Q

What does the diverging blood flow depend on?

A

The metabolic needs of the region/organ at that time

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15
Q

How is MAP controlled during exercise?

A

Cardiac output increases and so total peripheral resistance must decrease so that MAP is maintained

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16
Q

How does resistance to muscle, heart and skin change during exercise?

A

It decreases so that the blood flow is able to increase

17
Q

How does resistance to the kidneys and GI tract change during exercise?

A

It increases so that blood flow is able to decrease

18
Q

What is control of organ resistance and regional flow done by?

A

The resistance vessels - arterioles

19
Q

What does a large radius mean?

A

Low resistance

20
Q

What does a small radius mean?

A

High resistance

21
Q

What is the rule of 16?

A

If the lumen changes by a factor of 2, the resistance will change by a factor of 16

22
Q

What is blood flow to an organ or region controlled by?

A

Adjusting arteriolar (vascular) tone and radius

23
Q

What does decreasing radius mean?

A

Smooth muscle contracts and the blood vessel vasoconstricts so there is less blood flow to the regions/organs

24
Q

What does increasing radius mean?

A

Smooth muscle relaxes and the blood vessel vasodilator so there is more blood flow to the regions/organs

25
Q

What is vasodilation and vasoconstriction used for?

A

To direct cardiac output

HUBS192 2024 (38 decks)

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