Lecture 35: Treponema, Brachyspira, Actinobacillus and PANSF Bacteria Flashcards
Treponema is a gram ___, ___
Negative, spirochete
Treponema require ___culture for growth
Live cell
What does T. Phagedenis, T. Vincent II, and T. Denticola cause in cattle
Digital dermatitis
What does T. Paraluiscuniculi cause in rabbits
Vent disease
Most causes of digital dermatitis in cattle are multifactorial involving __ and __ causes
Environmental and infectious
What are some clinical signs of bovine digital dermatitis
Painful interdigital inflammatory lesions, proliferation dermatitis on heel bulbs, lameness, erosive and verrucose forms
What is the most common foot disease in mature dairy cattle and what is cause
Bovine digital dermatitis
Cause: treponema spp
What is the cause of contagious ovine digital dermatitis
Treponema spp
What are some signs of contagious ovine digital dermatitis
Severe lameness on single digit on single foot, ulcerative lesions at junction of coronary band and hoof wall
What is the most common sign of treponema associated hoof disease of elk
Lameness
How is digital dermatitis caused by treponema spp transmitted
Muddy, moist areas contaminated with feces
Vent disease is a ___disease specific to rabbits
Venereal disease
What are some signs of vent disease
Vesicles, ulcers covered with heavy scabs mostly around genital region, eyelids and lips
What is the best way to do all treponema spp
PCR
What is treatment for digital dermatitis
- Tetracyclines +/- lincomycin
- Regular foot baths and clean environment
What is tx for vent disease
Penicillins, restrict breeding
What species causes swine dysentery
Brachyspira
What does Brachyspira specifically cause and in who
Mucohemorrhagic colitis affecting grower and finisher pigs
Where does Brachyspira proliferation occur in pigs
Large intestine
Bracyspira causes hypersecretion of ___ and inability to __
Mucous, inability to resort fluids
What are some signs of swine dysentery caused by Brachyspira spp
Mucohemorrhagic diarrhea, perinanal staining with blood, lesions in LI
How is Brachyspira transmitted
Recovered carrier pigs, fomites
What is the best way to do Brachyspira
Culture/PCR
What hemolysis does Brachyspira have
B-hemolysis
What is tx for Brachyspira causing swine dysentery
Tiamulin +/- lincomycin
How do you control Brachyspira causing swine dysentery
Treat or cull carriers
Which bacteria species has a morse code appearance under microscope
Actinobacillus spp
Actinobacillus is a commensal present on most ___
Mucous membranes of URT and oral cavity
What does Actinobacillus lignieresii cause in cattle
Wooden tongue
Cow tongue appears painful and hardened, what is likely cause
Actinobacillus lignieresii
What does Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia cause in swine
Necrotizing fibrohemorrhagic pneumonia
What does Actinobacillus equulicause in foals
Sleepy foal disease, neonatal septicemia
What gross lesions are seen in the kidney of horse infected with Actinobacillus equuli
Serosal petichiae, suppuration foci
What does Actinobacillus suits cause in swine
Septicemia, meningitis
How do you dx Actinobacillus
Culture, direct microscopy of impression smears
What is tx for wooden tongue
Sodium iodide injection or potassium iodide PO + penicillin
How do you tx Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia
Prophylactic antibiotics- tiamulin, tilmicosin
How do you tx sleepy foal disease- Actinobacillus equuli
Colostrum, blood transfusion, antibiotics
What two bacteria are part of pathogenic anaerobic non-spore forming bacteria (PANSF)
- Fusobacterium necrophorum
- Dichelobacter
What are F. Necrophorum and dichelobacter often involved in
Foot rot and interdigital dermatitis
PANSF bacteria are ___infection
Opportunistic
Most PANSF infections are ___ with other bacteria ad parasites
Mixed
What does fusobacterium necrophorus cause in cattle
- Liver abscess
- Diptheria/necrotic pharyngitis/ laryngitis in calves
- Hoof lesions in adults
Fusobacterium necrophorum may synergize with __ in foot rot
Dichelobacter nodosus
What does fusobacterium necrophorum cause in pigs
Necrotic rhinitis “bull nose”
How do you differentiate necrotic rhinitis from atrophic rhinitis
Necrotic rhinitis has pronounced bulging, foul smell and nasal discharge
Fusobacterium necrophorum causes ___in sheep
Interdigital dermatitis
What does dichelobacter nodosus cause in sheet
Footrot
What does dichelobacter nodosus cause in cattle
Interdigital dermatitis, heel erosions, and foot rot
