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Microbiology > Lecture 22: Salmonella- GI Infections and Disease > Flashcards

Lecture 22: Salmonella- GI Infections and Disease Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Enterobacteria are gram___, facultative ___

A

Negative, anaerobes

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2
Q

What are the major enterobacteria pathogens

A
  1. Salmonella
  2. E. Coli
  3. Yersinia
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3
Q

Salmonella is located in the __ of mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians

A

GI tract

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4
Q

What is primary route of transmission for salmonella

A

Fecal-oral

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5
Q

Who does S. Typhimurium infect

A

Many mammals and birds (broad host range)

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6
Q

Who does S. Choleraesuis infect

A

Swine (narrow host range)

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7
Q

Salmonellae are facultative __pathogens

A

Intracellular

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8
Q

Salmonellae are able to survive in stomach via ___

A

Gastric acid barrier

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9
Q

What is the pathogenesis for Salmonellae intestinal infection

A
  1. Multiply in and traverse epithelial cells
  2. Survive and multiply in macrophages
  3. Systemic spread via infected macrophages via lymph and blood
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10
Q

What is the main host cell for salmonellae

A

Macrophages

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11
Q

What is the most common type of salmonella infection

A

Carrier state- subclinical

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12
Q

What are some factors that affect salmonella clinical outcome

A
  1. Infective dose size
  2. Virulence of strain
  3. Host susceptibility
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13
Q

What are the two major forms of salmonellosis

A
  1. Enteritis
  2. Systemic septicemia
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14
Q

Systemic infection with salmonella can lead to what

A

Abortion, arthritis, respiratory disease, meningitis, necrosis of extremities

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15
Q

What Salmonella species is highly adapted to cattle

A

S. Dublin

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16
Q

What does S. Dublin cause in all ages of cows

A

Enterocolitis with diarrhea, fever, septicemia, depression, anorexia

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17
Q

What can S. Dublin cause in calves

A

Pneumonia, meningitis, arthritis, osteomyelitis, terminal dry gangrene

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18
Q

What can S. Dublin cause in adult cows

A

Abortion, decreased milk

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19
Q

What does S. Typhimurium cause in calves

A

Enterocolitis with diarrhea in calves

20
Q

What Salmonella species is highly adapted to pigs

A

S. Choleraesuis

21
Q

What does S. Choleraesuis cause in pigs

A

Septicemic disease with hepatitis, pneumonia, cerebral vasculitis

22
Q

What ages are susceptible to S. Choleraesuis

A

All ages, but weaned and growing-finishing pigs most vulnerable

23
Q

What does S. Typhimurium cause in pigs

A

Mild to moderate diarrhea

24
Q

What salmonella species infects horses, but is not adapted to just horses

A

S. Typhimurium

25
Q

What does S. Typhimurium cause in horses

A

Ranges from mild, self limiting diarrhea to severe necrotizing Enterocolitis

26
Q

What salmonella species typically affects sheep

A

S. Abortusovis

27
Q

What does S. Abortusovis cause in sheep

A

Abortion, stillbirth, neonatal death

28
Q

What salmonella stereotypes cause reproductive losses in ewes and Enterocolitis and septicemia in adults and lambs s

A
  1. S. Typhimurium
  2. S. Dublin
29
Q

T or F: salmonellosis is common in dogs and cats

A

False

30
Q

What does salmonellosis cause in dogs and cats

A

Acute enteritis with fever, malaise, anorexia, vomiting, abdominal pan, diarrhea

31
Q

How do dogs and cats typically get salmonella

A

Contaminated raw meats, commercial diets, treats

32
Q

What salmonella species typically infect chicken and turkeys

A
  1. S. Pullorum
  2. S gallinarum
33
Q

What special transmission is observed with S. Pullorum and S. Gallinarum

A

Transovarian

34
Q

What does S. Pullorum cause and in who

A

Pullorum disease in birds <4 weeks old- white diarrhea, anorexia, depression, labored breathing

35
Q

What does S. Gallinarum cause and in who

A

Fowl typhoid in growing/adult birds- anorexia, depression, dehydration, loss of condition, diarrhea, septicemia with sudden death

36
Q

What salmonella species is associated with egg associated disease in humans, therefore zoonotic risk

A

S. Typhimurium

37
Q

What salmonella species typically affects reptiles

A

S. Typhimurium

38
Q

What are some signs of S. Typhimurium in reptiles

A

Enteritis, dermatitis, pneumonia hepatitis, osteomyelitis, anorexia, weight loss, lethargy

39
Q

How do you dx salmonella

A

Biochemical tests, PCR, stereotyping, maldi-tof

40
Q

What test can be done to serotype salmonella

A

Slide agglutination test

41
Q

How do you tx septicemic forms of salmonella

A

IV antimicrobial and supportive care (fluids and electrolytes)

42
Q

How do you tx enteric forms of salmonella

A

Oral antimicrobial and supportive care (fluids and electrolytes)

43
Q

How do you prevent salmonella

A
  1. Quarantine new animals
  2. Ensure food, water and environment are uncontaminated
44
Q

How do you limit spread of salmonella

A
  1. Isolate and treat or cull infected
  2. Good hygiene
  3. Dispose contaminated carcasses, bedding
45
Q

A salmonella vaccine is available for what species

A

Cattle, swine, sheep, and poultry

Microbiology (31 decks)

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