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Microbiology > Lecture 23: E.coli- GI infections and disease > Flashcards

Lecture 23: E.coli- GI infections and disease Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

E. Coli is a gram ___, facultative ___

A

Negative, anaerobe

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2
Q

E. Coli is found in the ___of mammals

A

Gut microbiome

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3
Q

Mutualist strains of E. Coli provide mammals with ___ and ___, and help exclude ___from gut

A

Vitamin K and B12, excluded pathogenic bacteria

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4
Q

What is the main route of transmission for E. Coli

A

Fecal-oral

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5
Q

E. Coli survives and grows in __ and __

A

Soil and water

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6
Q

Pathogenic E. Coli are categorized into __ which are based on what 3 things

A

Pathotypes
1. Virulence factors
2. Disease conditions
3. Host taxa affected

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7
Q

Enterotoxigenic (ETEC) E. Coli primarily affects who

A

Newborn calves, lambs and piglets

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8
Q

Enteropathogenic E. Coli primarily agents who

A

Many mammals

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9
Q

Shiga toxin productions (STEC) E. Coli primarily affects who

A

Weaned pigs

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10
Q

Enterohemmorhagic E. Coli primarily affects who

A

Young calves

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11
Q

Avian pathogenic E. Coli affects who

A

Poultry and other galliform birds

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12
Q

Septicemic E. Coli primarily affects who

A

Calves and lambs

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13
Q

Uropathogenic E. Coli primarily affects who

A

Cats and dogs

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14
Q

What do enterotoxins cause

A

Enterocyte hypersecretion, malabsorption

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15
Q

What do shiga toxins cause

A

Damage to enterocytes and endothelial cells

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16
Q

What do endotoxins cause

A

Pyrogenic, damage endothelium, activated coagulation cascade

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17
Q

Young farm animals are predisposed to E.coli infection and disease due to what 4 factors

A
  1. Overcrowding and poor hygiene
  2. Normal microbiota not established
  3. Insufficient colostral immunity
  4. Stress
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18
Q

Where in body does enterotoxigenic E. Coli reside

A

Jejunum and ileum

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19
Q

What does enterotoxigenic E. Coli cause

A

Diarrhea, dehydration, acidosis, weakness, decrease suckling, potentially fatal

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20
Q

Where does enteropathogenic E. Coli reside

A

Ileum and colon

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21
Q

What does enteropathogenic E. Coli cause

A

Maldigestion, malabsorption and diarrhea

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22
Q

What E. Coli strains cause post-weaning diarrhea in pigs

A

Enterotoxigenic (ETEC)

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23
Q

What are some clinical signs in mild post weaning diarrhea in pigs

A

Reduced feed intake, watery diarrhea

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24
Q

What are some clinical signs in severe cases of post weaning diarrhea

A

Profuse watery diarrhea, bluish-red skin, sudden death

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25
Q
A
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26
Q

What strain of E. Coli causes edema disease in pigs

A

Shiga toxin producing strains

27
Q

What does the shiga toxin producing strains do

A
  1. Produce shiga toxin (ST2e)
  2. Enter bloodstream and damage endothelial cells
  3. Perivascular edema
28
Q

What are some signs of pigs infected with shiga-toxin producing strains of E. Coli

A

Periocular edema, swelling of forehead and submandibular regions, dyspnea, hoarse squeal, anorexia, muscle tremors, ataxia, posterior paresis

29
Q

Where does the septicemic form of E. Coli like to colonize

A

Colonize and cross mucosa in nasal, or pharyngeal and intestinal or invade via infected naval

30
Q

When does the septicemic form of E. Coli tend to affect calves

A

2-5 days old

31
Q

What are some signs of the peracute septicemic form of E. Coli

A

Sudden death, non clinical signs

32
Q

What are some signs of acute septicemic form of E. Coli

A

Depression, weakness, lack of suckling, death within 24-48hrs

33
Q

What symptoms are seen with prolonged course of septicemic form of E. Coli

A

Enteritis, diarrhea, respiratory disease, meningitis, poly arthritis, ophthalmitis

34
Q

Bacteria from septicemic form of E. Coli is excreted in the __, ___ and ___

A

Feces, urine, and oral/nasal secretions

35
Q

Where does the avian pathogenic form of E. Coli colonize and breach

A

Respiratory mucosa via inhalation of aerosolized dried feces

36
Q

What signs are associates with the acute avian pathogenic E. Coli and who does it affected

A

primarily birds <1 month old, no clinical signs and few postmortem lesions

37
Q

Birds that survive avian pathogenic E. Coli often have what adverse effects

A

Fibrinopurulent lesions of internal organs, serosae joints, decreased production and increased mortality

38
Q

What are some signs of cystitis

A

Dysuria, pollakiuria, stranguira, abdominal pain, hematuria, pyuria, proteinuira

39
Q

Persistent/ relapsing infections of cystitis are able to occur due to their ability to ___

A

Survive inside epithelial cells

40
Q

What are some signs of pyelonephritis

A

Frequent blood, pus, necrotic tissue, fever, depression, anorexia, vomiting, PU/PD

41
Q

What are some signs of pyometra

A

Vaginal discharge, PU/PD, inappetence, lethargy, potentially fatal

42
Q

What are some signs of chronic canine prostatitis

A

Subclinical, recurrent UTI, penile discharge, irregular contour of gland, constipation, infertility

43
Q

What are some signs of acute canine prostatitis

A

Dysuria, lethargy, fever, painful and soft, vomiting, constipation, stiff rear limb gait, abdominal pain, septicemia

44
Q

How are cows contaminated with Coliform mastitis

A

Fecal contamination of skin of mammary gland

45
Q

What are some signs of severe peracute coliform mastitis

A

Fever, anorexia, rumen stasis, tachycardia, depression, recumbent, death within 24-48hrs, hard or swollen quarter, yellow serous secretions with flakes

46
Q

What are some signs of moderate coliform mastitis

A

Slightly swollen quarter, producing water to serous secretions with flakes

47
Q

What is best treatment option for moderate coliform mastitis

A

Nothing- spontaneous cure

48
Q

How are bacteria able to infect cows with chronic coliform mastitis

A

Facultative intracellular strains that live in mammary epithelial cells

49
Q

What is the treatment for enteric E. Coli disease

A

Oral antimicrobials, fluid and electrolytes

50
Q

What is treatment for edema disease

A

Often ineffective but can give antimicrobials in water of unaffected pigs

51
Q

What is tx for colisepticemia in mammals

A

IV antimicrobials, fluids and electrolytes, NSAIDS, glucose for hypoglycemia

52
Q

What can you give calves with colisepticemia to tx hypogammaglobulinemia

A

IV bovine gammaglobulin

53
Q

What is tx for cystitis

A

Oral antimicrobials

54
Q

What is tx for pyelonephritis

A

Oral antimicrobials

55
Q

What is tx for pyometra

A

IV antimicrobials, OVH, and oral antimicrobials post sx

56
Q

If you have a reproductively value dam that has pyometra and you don’t want to spay what is the tx

A

Antimicrobials and prostaglandins (or progesterone antagonists)

57
Q

What is the tx for chronic prostatitis

A

Tx prostatic hyperplasia and oral antimicrobials

58
Q

What is tx for acute prostatitis

A

Oral/IV antimicrobials and fluids

59
Q

What is tx for severe/ peracute coliform mastitis

A

Systemic fluids, electrolytes, anti-inflammatories and antimicrobials

60
Q

How do you prevent E. Coli

A
  1. Hygiene
  2. Reduce stress
  3. Feed colostrum
  4. Manage dietary changes
61
Q

What diet is good for edema disease in pigs

A

High fiber, low protein diets

62
Q

What feed supplement can be given to pigs with post-weaning diarrhea

A

Zinc oxide

63
Q

E. Coli vaccines are available to tx what infections

A
  1. Enteric
  2. Edema disease
  3. Post-weaning diarrhea
  4. E. Coli mastitis

Microbiology (31 decks)

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