Lecture 25: Bordetella and Camplyobacter Flashcards
Kennel cough is a multifactorial disease that includes __ and ___
- Stress
- Infection with B. Bronchiseptica
- Canine pneumovirus
Bordetella is an extra cellular commensal in ___ of mammals and birds
Upper respiratory tract
Bordetella is a ___pathogen
Opportunistic
Bordetella is a gram ___, strictly ___
Negative, aerobic
Bordetella is catalase and oxidase ___
Positive
Bordetella has tropism for ___epithelium
Ciliated respiratory epithelium
How is Bordetella transmitted
Aerosol
What are the 3 virulence factor toxins associated with Bordetella
- Tracheal cytotoxin
- Dermonecrotic toxin
- Osteotoxin
What does tracheal cytotoxin do
Inhibits movement of cilia and tracheobronchial clearance. Can kill ciliated cells
What does dermonecrotic toxin do
Induces dermal necrosis and interferes with differentiation of osteoblasts leading to turbinate atrophy
What does osteotoxin do
Kills osteoblasts
What does B. Bronchiseptica cause in pigs
Atrophic rhinitis- turbinate hypoplasia
Bordetella Bronchiseptica causes atrophic rhinitis in pigs with co-infection with ___
P. Multocida
What disease does B. Bronchiseptica cause in dogs
Canine infectious tracheobronchitis
What does B. Avium cause in turkeys
Coryza
What are the clinical signs of kennel cough/ canine infectious tracheobronchitis
Coughing, retching, mild serous oculonasal discharge
What are the symptoms of Turkey coryza
- Beak breathing
- Sneezing
- Tracheal collapse
Turkey coryza predisposes birds to ___
Secondary infections- E. Coli
How do you dx Bordetella
Culture/ PCR of
1. Tracheal fluid
2. Sinus exudate
How do you tx and prevent Bordetella Bronchiseptica in dogs
- Isolate and monitor for 2 weeks then try amoxicillin
- Vaccinate
What can you add to poultry’s water to increase hygiene measures against Bordetella
Chlorine
Antimicrobials are infective against what Bordetella infection
Turkey coryza/ B. Avium
Where is camplyobacter found
Intestinal and genital tracts
Camplyobacter causes ___ or ___
Diarrhea or abortion
What does C. Fetus subspecies venerealis cause and in who
Bovine reproduction tract—abortions, infertility
What does C. Fetus subspecies fetus cause and in who
GI tract of ruminants (especially sheep)— abortions
What does C. Jejuni cause and in who
GI of most species- abortions and enteritis
Outbreaks of Venereal disease: C. Fetus, C. Venerealis, and C. Jejuni are commonly where
Western states
What Camplyobacter causes diarrheal disease
C. Jejuni
Which Camplyobacter is a reportable disease
C. Jejuni
What are the virulence factors associated with Camplyobacter
- Microcapsule
- S layer
What does the micro capsule do
Reduces susceptibility to complement and phagocytosis
What does the S layer do
Immune evasion- has 8 variants
What are the clinical manifestations for bovine genital camplyobacteriosis
- Temporary infertility
- Abortion
___are asymptomatically infected carriers for C. Venerealis
Bulls
1/3 of cows affected with C. Venerealis carry disease long term, what causes the persistent infection
S layer- immune evasion
Persistent infection with C. Venerealis can cause __ if bacteria migrate to ___
Permanent infertility, oviducts (salpingitis)
What are the clinical manifestations of ovine genital camplyobacteriosis
- Abortion in ewes
- Necrotic placentitis
What are the clinical manifestations of canine intestinal camplyobacteriosis
- Most are subclinical
- Enteritis in puppies < 6m months
What Camplyobacter can cause Avium vibrionic hepatitis- spotty or necrotic liver
C. Jejuni
How do you dx camplyobacter spp
- Vaginal flush with LRS
- PCR
- Culture
The culture for Camplyobacter requires __conditions
microaerophilic
What agar is selective for C. Jejuni
Skirrow agar
What is the treatment/ prevention for C. Fetus
- Therapeutic vaccination
- Isolate ewes
- Chlortetracycline
What is treatment/ prevention for c. Venerealis
- Dihydrostreptomycin
- Pre/post breeding vaccination
What is tx/ prevention for C. Jejuni
- Dihydrostreptomycin
- Fluids and antibiotics for dehydrated puppies
