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Microbiology > Lecture 24: Proteus, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, pseudomonas, GI infections and UTI > Flashcards

Lecture 24: Proteus, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, pseudomonas, GI infections and UTI Flashcards

1
Q

Proteus, Klebsiella, and Enterobacter are gram __bacilli, facultative ___

A

Negative, anaerobes

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2
Q

Proteus, Klebsiella, and Enterobacter are oxidase __ and catalase ___

A

Negative, positive

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3
Q

Which are motile: Proteus, Klebsiella, Enterobacter

A

Proteus and Enterobacter

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4
Q

Which are non-motile: Proteus, Klebsiella, Enterobacter

A

Klebsiella

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5
Q

Which for lactose fermentation: Proteus, Klebsiella, Enterobacter

A

Klebsiella and Enterobacter

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6
Q

Which do urease production: Proteus, Klebsiella, and Enterobacter

A

Proteus and Klebsiella

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7
Q

Which do H2S production on TSI slant: Proteus, Klebsiella and Enterobacter

A

Proteus

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8
Q

Where are proteus, Klebsiella and Enterobacter found

A

Widely distributed within the environment

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9
Q

What virulence factors do Proteus, Klebsiella and enterobacter all have

A

LPS
Lipid A on LPS is endotoxin

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10
Q

What does urease do

A

Hydrolyzes urea in urine to ammonia and CO2, urinary epithelial cells become damage, change in urinary pH leads to uroliths

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11
Q

What virulence factor do Proteus spp have that allow them to colonize bladder and kidney

A

Fimbrae

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12
Q

What virulence factor do Proteus spp have the form a pore and play a role in dissemination from bladder to kidney us

A

Hemolysin

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13
Q

What Proteus spp forms uroliths in dogs

A

P. Mirabilis

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14
Q

What virulence factors does Klebsiella have

A
  1. Capsule
  2. Endotoxin
  3. Adhesins
  4. Cytotoxin
  5. Shiga toxin of ETEC
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15
Q

What diseases does Enterobacter aerogenes cause

A
  1. Coliform mastitis in cattle
  2. Dog UTI’s
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16
Q

What diseases does Klebsiella pneumonia cause

A
  1. Coliform mastitis in cattle
  2. UTI in dogs
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17
Q

What diseases does Proteus mirabilis and proteus vulgaris cause

A
  1. UTI’s in dogs and horses
  2. Otitis externa in dogs and cats
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18
Q

What value is indicative of UTI on culture

A

> 100,000 Cfu/ml

19
Q

What value is not significant for UTI in culture

A

<10,000 cfu/ml

20
Q

What agar plates should Proteus, Klebsiella and enterobactera be plated on

A

Blood agar and MacConkey

21
Q

Proteus, Enterobacter or Klebsiella: only enterobacteriae that has yellow colonies on MacConkey and does not have a mucoid colony

22
Q

What are some antibiotics to tx enterobacter aerogenes

A

Aminoglycosides, beta lactams and cephalosporins

23
Q

What are some antibiotics to tx Klebsiella pneumonia

A

Aminoglycosides

24
Q

What are some antibiotics to tx P. Mirablis and P. Vulgaris

A

Ampicillin, amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ceftiofur

25
Q

What is the most important way to control proteus, Klebsiella and Enterobacter

A

Wash hands and disinfect of mites

26
Q

Pseudomonas is a gram___ bacilli and obligate __

A

Negative, aerobe

27
Q

Pseudomonas is oxidase __ and catalase ___

A

Positive, positive

28
Q

What are the 4 possible pigments for pseudomonas

A
  1. Pyocyanin- blue
  2. Pyoverdin- yellow-green fluorescent
  3. Pyorubin-red
  4. Pyomelanin- brown
29
Q

T or F: pseudomonas when grown on MacConkey does lactose fermentation

30
Q

What does the virulence factor cytotoxin do and what bacteria is it associated with

A

Inhibits leukocyte function, disrupts pulmonary microcirculation

Pseudomonas

31
Q

What does exotoxin A do and what bacteria is it associated with

A

Inhibits protein synthesis and facilitates tissue invasion

Pseudomonas

32
Q

What does exotoxin S and T do and what bacteria is it associated with

A

Inhibits protein synthesis
Pseudomonas

33
Q

What does phospholipase C-hemolysin do and what bacteria is it associated with

A

Stimulates inflammation
Pseudomonas

34
Q

What does pyocyanin as a virulence factor do and what bacteria is it associated with

A

Produces toxic oxygen that mediate tissue damage

Pseudomonas

35
Q

What does rhamnolipid do and what bacteria is it associated with

A

Damage to host cell membrane, inhibit macrophage function

Pseudomonas

36
Q

Pseudomonas is an opportunistic pathogen that enters via

A

Wounds and trauma

37
Q

What infections can pseudomonas cause

A

Pneumonia, bacteremia, infections of eye, ear, urinary tract, and surgery sites

38
Q

What is the most common infection associated with pseudomonas

A

Otitis in dogs

39
Q

What does pseudomonas cause in snakes

A

Necrotic stomatitis, mouth rot

40
Q

What does pseudomonas cause in sows

A

Acute multi glandular mastitis

41
Q

How would pseudomonas aeruginosa appear on blood agar

A

Large, gunmetal gray colonies
Rough with zones of hemolysis

42
Q

Based on this presentation on plate what is likely bacteria

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

43
Q

What antibiotics can tx pseudomonas infections

A

Beta-lactams, cephalosporins, combination of gentamicin with tobramycin or with carbenicillin or ticarcillin

44
Q

In a veterinary hospital to control pseudomonas it is extremely important to manage ___ and ___ on patients

A

Urinary and Iv catheters

Microbiology (31 decks)

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