Lecture 3 (The Nervous System)

Question 1

two branches of nervous system

Answer 1

CNS and PNS

Question 2

divisions of CNS

Answer 2

brain and spinal cord

Question 3

divisions of PNS

Answer 3

cranial nerves and spinal nerves

Question 4

definition of nucleus in nervous system

Answer 4

many cell bodies (soma) together

Question 5

where is the myelin in the spinal cord

Answer 5

on the outside

Question 6

composition of white matter in spinal cord

Answer 6

axons, tracts

Question 7

composition of grey matter in spinal cord

Answer 7

nuclei (cell bodies) and synapses

Question 8

tract

Answer 8

collection of nerve cell processes in CNS

Question 9

nerve

Answer 9

collection of nerve cell processes (axons/nerve fibres) OUTSIDE CNS

Question 10

ganglion

Answer 10

nerve cell bodies (somas) outside CNS

Question 11

track of afferent fibres

Answer 11

sensory axons toward CNS in dorsal root ganglion

Question 12

track of efferent fibres

Answer 12

motor axons conducting away from CNS in ventral root

Question 13

dermatome

Answer 13

skin segment related to a spinal nerve

Question 14

what kind of nerves are pure (only one type)

Answer 14

roots of spinal nerves

Question 15

what kind of nerves are mixed (afferent and efferent)

Answer 15

spinal nerves and their branches

Question 16

two cortexes and what they control

Answer 16

sensory controls what goes in, motor controls what goes out

Question 17

what is different about reflexes

Answer 17

do not come in through DRG, motor neuron in grey matter of SC is what reacts

Question 18

inhibitory neuron

Answer 18

interneuron

Question 19

ventral ramus

Answer 19

goes to limbs, innervates superficial back muscles to limbs and everything else

Question 20

dorsal ramus

Answer 20

innervates deep back muscles and overlying skin

Question 21

IVF has an opening for the

Answer 21

spinal nerve, it is bounded by bone

Question 22

number of cervical vertebrae and nerves

Answer 22

7 vertebrae, 8 nerves

Question 23

where are the nerves located

Answer 23

c1-c7 is above, c8 is below, T1 and the rest are below

Question 24

where do the roots of the nerves come from

Answer 24

the original IVF of exit

Question 25

where is the conus medullaris

Answer 25

end of spinal cord at L1/L2

Question 26

what is the cauda equina made of

Answer 26

nervous tissue

Question 27

what is the filum terminale made of

Answer 27

pia matter, not nervous tissue, just connective

Question 28

covering of spinal cord

Answer 28

``` pia matter (tender mother) arachnoid matter (spider mother) dura matter (hard mother) ```

Question 29

epidural space

Answer 29

outside the dura, use for anesthesia -- have no pain but can still move

Question 30

subarachnoid space

Answer 30

known as lumbar cistern, between arachnoid and pia. largest around the cauda equina -- location for withdrawing CSF or spinal block anesthesia

Question 31

the fascicle is surrounded by the

Answer 31

perineurium

Question 32

the fasciculus is surrounded by the

Answer 32

endoneurium

Question 33

a nerve trunk is surrounded by

Answer 33

epineurium

Question 34

nerve trunk contains

Answer 34

fascicles which contain fasiculus which contain many neuronal axon/nerve fibers