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Bree - Structures > Lec 26 - Venous Portal System > Flashcards

Lec 26 - Venous Portal System Flashcards

1
Q

function of lymphatic system

A

immunity and defense

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2
Q

organs and tissues in lymphatic system

A

thymus, lymph nodes, spleen , tonsils, and lymphoid follicles

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3
Q

vessels in increasing diameter

A

capillaries, vessels, trunks, ducts (thoracic and R lymphatic) and sac (cisterna chyli)

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4
Q

what is lymph

A

fluid formed in extra cellular spaces of tissues and organs

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5
Q

where does lymph flow

A

in lymphatic vessels and then adds to venous blood circulation

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6
Q

what does lymph contain

A

plasma proteins, antigens, antibodies, fat, and lymphocytes

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7
Q

where are the deep lymphatic vessels

A

beneath deep fascia and accompany the main arteries

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8
Q

what do the deep lymphatics do

A

drain lymph from skeletal muscles and internal organs

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9
Q

what are the superficial lymphatics

A

drain lymph from skin and associated structures

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10
Q

where are superficial lymphatics

A

on superficial fascia of skin

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11
Q

is there communication between deep and superficial lymphatics

A

yes

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12
Q

where are lymph nodes

A

found along lymphatic vessels (shape and size of kidney bean or green pea!)

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13
Q

what does a lymphnode contain and what does it do

A

contains lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages. filters the lymph

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14
Q

what separates the lymph nodes from afferent and efferent lymphatic vessels

A

valves

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15
Q

meaning of cisterna chyli

A

cisterna = tank for water, chylie = chyle or milk, creamy lymph due to presence of fat

storage of fatty lymph

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16
Q

normal appearance of lymph

A

clear water

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17
Q

where is the cisterna chyli

A

L1/L2 vertebrae and passes through aortic hiatus of diaphragm

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18
Q

how is chyle transported from SI to thoracic duct

A

lymphatic capillaries to lymphatic vessels to intestinal lymphatic trunk to cisterna chylie to thoracic duct which brings it to venous circulation

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19
Q

lymphatic capillaries of the small intestine are called

A

lacteals

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20
Q

how is fat absorbed in the SI processed

A

by chylomicrons released into lacteals for form chyle

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21
Q

where are lacteals found

A

in center of villi

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22
Q

what drains lymph into cisterna chyli

A

the intestinal lymphatic trunk

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23
Q

where does lymphatic trunk get its lymph from

A

stomach, pancreas, spleen, and liver

24
Q

where does cisterna chylie get lymph from (3)

A

instestinal lymph trunk, lumbar lymph trunk, and descending thoracic lymph trunk

25
Q

where is lymph ultimately returned to and who returns it

A

returned to venous circulation by thoracic duct and right lymphatic duct

26
Q

what is the venous angle

A

junction of subclavian and internal jugular where thoracic duct drains into venous system

27
Q

what does the thoracic duct drain

A

all quadrants except upper R

28
Q

what does the R lymphatic duct drain

A

R upper quadrant ( r side of head, neck, and thorax), rt lung and rt side of heart, rt upper limb

29
Q

major lymph nodes

A

superficial inguinal, lateral aortic/lumbar, preaortic, parasternal, axillary, clavicular

30
Q

how is lymphography accomplished

A

with injection of contrast dye

31
Q

systemic/caval circulation comprised of

A

SVC, IVC, azygous

32
Q

how is venous blood in abdomen and thorax drained

A

by 3 systemic and 1 portal circulation

33
Q

where does SVC return blood from

A

all structures superior to diaphragm to the heart

34
Q

main tributaries of IVC

A

L and R renal, gonadal, suprarenal, inferior phrenic, hepatic

35
Q

where does IVC received venous blood directly from

A

all structures inferior to diaphragm EXCEPT stomach, SI, large intestine, pancreas, spleen and gall bladder.

*gets from these indirectly via portal vein, liver, and hepatic vein

36
Q

the hemiazygous comes off of the

A

L renal of IVC and azygous

37
Q

the accessory hemiazygous comes off of the

A

azygous

38
Q

what does the azygous system of veins drain

A

posterior abdominal wall, thoracic wall, esophagus, and lungs

39
Q

how does azygous drain posterior abdominal and thoracic walls

A

posterior abdominal is via lumbar veins

thoracic walls is via posterior intercostals

40
Q

how does azygous drain esophagus and lungs

A

via esophageal veins and bronchial veins

41
Q

what happens when there is an obstruction at the IVC

A

the azygous returns blood from lower limbs to SVC

42
Q

path of systemic circulation

A

artery - capillary-vein - heart

43
Q

hepatic portal circulation

A

artery - capillaries (GI tract, pancreas, spleen, gall bladder) - portal vein - liver capillaries (sinusoids) - hepatic veins - heart

44
Q

where are the two sets of capillaries in the portal system

A

abdominal viscera and in the liver

45
Q

what does hepatic portal system carry

A

venous blood rich in nutrients but low in oxygen to from abdominal viscera to liver via portal vein and tributaries

46
Q

veins of hepatic portal system

A

cystic, superior mesenteric, inferior mesenteric, celiac (l and r gastric, splenic)

47
Q

where are the portosystemic anastemoses

A

umbilicus, rectal plexus, esophageal plexus

48
Q

what anastemoses at esophageal plexus

A

esophageal/ L gastric (portal)

Azygous/esophageal (systemic)

49
Q

what anastemoses at umbilicus

A 
paraumbilical vein (portal) 
superficial epigastric (systemic)
50
Q

what anastemoses at rectal plexus

A 
superior rectal (portal)
middle/inferior rectal (systemic)
51
Q

do portal veins have valves

A

NO

52
Q

cirrhotic liver

A

brownish yellow and bumpy, granular with fibrotic nodules

53
Q

what happens with liver cirrhosis in terms of portal system

A

portal hypertension which gives dilated esophageal veins (called esophageal varices)

54
Q

huge stomach in liver cirrhosis caused by

A

caput medusae and ascites - varicose veins look like small snakes radiating from umbilicus (serpents on medusaes head)

55
Q

what is a hemmroid

A

dilation of blood vessel in rectum

Bree - Structures (34 decks)

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