lecture 23 Flashcards

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1
Q

competition

A

use or defense of a limiting resource by an individual that decreases resource availability to others

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2
Q

interspecific competition

A

between species

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3
Q

intraspecific competition

A

within a species

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4
Q

resources

A

factors used by an organism and affects pop growth rates

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5
Q

can 2 species that use resources exactly the same way coexist?

A

no because a species will extinct because of resource competition

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6
Q

gause principal is also called

A

competitive exclusion principal

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7
Q

competitive exclusion principal

A

two species cannot coexist in definitely on the same limiting resources, one species will die out

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8
Q

joseph grinnel idea of niche

A

the sum of the HABITAT requirement needed for a species survival and reproduction

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9
Q

charles elton idea of niche

A

the ROLE a species plays in a community

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10
Q

evelyn hutchinion idea of niche

A

combined these ideas

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11
Q

multidimensional hypervolume

A

allows a species to practice its way of life

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12
Q

dimension

A

environmental conditions/resources

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13
Q

fundamental niche

A

in the ABSENCE of biotic interactions like other species, this is where its capable of growing

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14
Q

realized niche

A

in the PRESCENCE of biotic interaction where it tends to grow with the other species present

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15
Q

two competitions can coexist but at

A

lower population densities

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16
Q

what are two ways species can minimize competition

A

partitioning resources and having a stronger competitor vs weaker competitor and predator-mediated coexistence

17
Q

resource partitioning can cause

A

intraspecific competition to be greater than interspecific competition

18
Q

two competitors will coexist when

A

the intraspecific competition is greater than the interspecific competition

19
Q

rarity advantage

A

under these conditions a species gains a growth advantage, one species is at a low density and its competition is at a high density

20
Q

the two outcomes of competition

A
  1. one competitor drives the other to extinction 2. both species coexist but at lower population densities, negative interaction
21
Q

outcomes of other interspecific interactions

A

per capita growth rate of at least one species is modified and the avg pop density of at least one species differs

22
Q

intraspecific competition causing evolution

A

goldilocks principal

23
Q

goldilocks principal

A

individuals with optimal beak size will leave the most offspring, k will increase as birds that convert seeds into offspring come to pre dominate the pop

24
Q

interspecific competition causing evolution

A

finches and insects presence, when bees are absent, finches are smaller and spend more time drinking nectar than when bees are absent

25
Q

consumer resource interactions

A

leads to evolutionary arms race as prey continually evolve better defenses and predators continually evolve better offenses (red queen hypothesis)