lecture 12

Question 1

most animals require what for metabolism

Answer 1

oxygen and we need to get co2 out

Question 2

what is the formula for cellular respiration

Answer 2

food + o2 –> co2+h2o+energy (heat & atp)

Question 3

what is a main by product of cellular respiration and why is it important

Answer 3

co2, it is important because we must get rid of it bc of co2 toxicity

Question 4

what does co2 toxicity do

Answer 4

blood PH DECREASE causing ACIDITY in cells

Question 5

what two systems help with delivering co2 and o2

Answer 5

circulatory and respiratory

Question 6

all molecular co2 and o2 is transported how

Answer 6

passively by diffusion

Question 7

gases dissolve in body fluid in proportion to their

Answer 7

partial pressure

Question 8

what is partial pressure

Answer 8

The total pressure of a mixture of gases can be defined as the sum of the pressures of each individual gas

Question 9

gasses dissolve in liquids much like ions and glucose which means

Answer 9

they dont appear as tiny bubble in liquid solutions, the gasses that appear are NOT from the solution (think beer)

Question 10

co2 is easier to what than 02

Answer 10

co2 is easier to eliminate than o2 is to obtain

Question 11

co2 is more what compares to o2

Answer 11

co2 is more soluble than o2 in water and is easy for aquatic animals to exchange

Question 12

partial pressure is the

Answer 12

proportion of the molecule on the entire pressure that you have

Question 13

the partial pressure of a single gas is proportional to

Answer 13

the percent concentration

Question 14

total pressure is

Answer 14

1 atm

Question 15

when does total pressure fall

Answer 15

when increasing altitudes

Question 16

what is the percent of oxygen at sea level

Answer 16

21%

Question 17

what is the total pressure of atmosphere

Answer 17

1 atm

Question 18

gases still follow the laws of diffusion BUT

Answer 18

not necessarily according to concentration

Question 19

it is more difficult to move o2 through h2o than air because

Answer 19

water is denser than air, and 02 has a lower solubility

Question 20

water breathers have a hard time to do what

Answer 20

they have a hard time maintaining high 02 uptake rates and it takes them 10% of their metabolism compared to humans 1-2%, getting 02 from water is HARD

Question 21

there are no what water breathers

Answer 21

endothermic

Question 22

high metabolism means

Answer 22

more energy

Question 23

animals that regulate their temp will have higher

Answer 23

metabolic rate overall

Question 24

what does the diffusion of gas follow

Answer 24

the fick equation

Question 25

what is the fick equation

Answer 25

Q=DA ((p1-p2)/L)

Question 26

what does the Q in the fick equation mean

Answer 26

rate of diffusion

Question 27

what does the D in the fick equation mean

Answer 27

a constant

Question 28

what does the A in the fick equation mean

Answer 28

area of respiratory membrane

Question 29

what does the p1-p2 in the fick equation mean

Answer 29

difference in partial pressure of gas on either side of membrane

Question 30

what does the L in the fick equation mean

Answer 30

diffusion distance across membrane

Question 31

what is the greatest distance that oxygen can diffuse and meat metabolic needs

Answer 31

0.5 mm

Question 32

diffusion alone can do what

Answer 32

can support life only over short distances , up to 0.5 mm

Question 33

many animals dont need respiratory systems because

Answer 33

sponges, flatworms, etc can have oxygen reach all of their cells because the oxygen can reach between the 0.5 mm distance

Question 34

respiratory gases diffuse according to

Answer 34

partial pressures which varies by altitudes

Question 35

what is krough rule

Answer 35

the 0.5 mm distance, gases diffuse across membranes and travel by bulk flow around the body

Question 36

it is hard to get what out of water rather than air and it is hard to get what into water

Answer 36

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