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lecture 20 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is the scale of ecological organization from smallest to biggest

A

organisms, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere

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2
Q

what drives global climate?

A

sunlight, movement of plants, atmospheric and ocean circulation

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3
Q

solar energy at high latitudes

A

south/north pole gets less solar energy

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4
Q

solar energy at equator

A

gets the most solar energy

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5
Q

why do the polars get less solar energy

A
  1. they get shallow angles 2. sunlight is spread over a larger surface area & must pass though more atmosphere
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6
Q

seasonality is a consequence of

A

tilt and movement

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7
Q

where is sun at spring equinox

A

equator

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8
Q

where is sun at summer solstice

A

T of cancer

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9
Q

where is sun at fall equinox

A

equator

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10
Q

where is sun at winter solstice

A

T of capricorn

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11
Q

sunlight is more intense at tropical latitudes causing what

A

air to rise and cool

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12
Q

as air rises and cools what happens

A

it loses moisture so it rains a lot

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13
Q

air moving upward at the equator creates

A

inter-tropical convergence zone (ITCZ)

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14
Q

dry cold air is dense and begins to fall which causes

A

deserts to occur at these 30 zones because descending dry air absorbs moisture (causes hadley cells)

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15
Q

hadley cell

A

a large-scale atmospheric convection cell in which air rises at the equator and sinks at medium latitudes, typically about 30° north or south.

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16
Q

cell at 60 N/S degrees are called

A

polar cells

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17
Q

cells between 30 and 60 are called

A

ferrel cells

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18
Q

cells between 30 and the equator are called

A

hadley cells

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19
Q

trade winds between 60 N and up moves

A

down left

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20
Q

trade winds between 30 N and 60 N moves

A

up right

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21
Q

trade winds between 0 and 30 N moves

A

down left

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22
Q

trade winds between 0 and 30 S moves

A

up left

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23
Q

trade winds between 30 S and 60 S moves

A

down right

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24
Q

trade winds between 60 S and up moves

A

up left

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25
Q

wind closer to the equator is

A

lagging compared to earths rotation

26
Q

circular flow of water rotates how in the north and south hemispheres

A

north it moves clockwise and south it moves counterclockwise

27
Q

what moderates temps in europe

A

gulf stream

28
Q

water vapor does what on windside (upwards)

A

it expands and cools

29
Q

water vapor does what on leeward (downwards)

A

water vapor loses moisture and gets hot

30
Q

weather

A

the day to day state of the atmosphere and its short term variation in minutes to weeks

31
Q

climate

A

how the atmosphere behaves over a relatively long period of time

32
Q

biogeography

A

spatial distribution of species

33
Q

physical geography

A

spatial distribution of earths climates

34
Q

biome

A

a distinct physical environment that is inhabited by ecologically similar organisms with similar adaptations

35
Q

terrestrial biome

A

usually distinguished by the dominant type of vegetation

36
Q

what determines a biome

A

physical environment, climate and climatic variability,

37
Q

what is/not important for aquatic biomes

A

climate is less important but water depth (light) , water temp, pressure, etc

38
Q

what is a lake

A

a non moving aquatic biome

39
Q

littoral zone

A

near shore region in a lake (horizontal)

40
Q

limnetic zone

A

open area in a lake (horizontal)

41
Q

photic zone

A

where light penetrates (vertical)

42
Q

aphotic zone

A

lack of photosynthesis , less light (vertical)

43
Q

bentric zone

A

substrate, bottom of lake (vertical)

44
Q

intertidal zone

A

between the high and low tide , where you can have wave action occuring

45
Q

pelagic zone and its two detailed zones

A

open ocean, neritic and oceanic

46
Q

neritic

A

extends over the depth of the continental shelf

47
Q

oceanic

A

open ocean

48
Q

benthic zone

A

seafloor

49
Q

abyssal zone

A

deepest ocean

50
Q

who proposed the six biogeographic regions

A

alfred russel wallace

51
Q

neartic holds

A

most of north america

52
Q

neotropical holds

A

most of south america

53
Q

ethiopian holds

A

most of africa

54
Q

paleartic holds

A

most of asia and europe

55
Q

oriental holds

A

most of south and east asia

56
Q

austrialasain

A

girl what you think Australia

57
Q

antarltic holds

A

end of south america and south africa and antartica

58
Q

how much of the earth is human dominated

A

half of the earths land

59
Q

humans help what what interchange

A

biotic interchange by moving animals around

60
Q

conservation ecology

A

understand and prevent extinction of vulnerable species

61
Q

restoration ecology

A

restore health of damaged ecosystems

bio 2 (26 decks)

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