Lecture 19

Question 1

iliopsoas (iliacus and psoas major)

Answer 1

O: iliac fossa; T12-L5 vertebrae
I: lesser trochanter of femur
A: prime mover of thigh flexion, laterally flex the vertebral column

Question 2

sartorius

Answer 2

O: anterior superior iliac spine
I: medial side of proximal tibia
A: flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates the thigh; weakly flexes the knee
the process of crossing the legs at the knees

Question 3

Gluteus maximus

Answer 3

O: posterior ilium, sacrum, coccyx
I: linea aspera, iliotibial tract (IT band)
A: prime mover of thigh extension, laterally rotates and abducts the thigh

Question 4

gluteus medius and minimus

Answer 4

O: lateral ilium
I: greater trochanter of femur
A: abduct and medially rotate the thigh

Question 5

the gluteus medius is a common spot for what?

Answer 5

shots

Question 6

medial muscles of the thigh

Answer 6

generally -> adduct
o- inferior aspect of the pelvis
i- femur or the tibia

Question 7

adductor magnus, brevis, and longus

Answer 7

O: pubis and/or ischium
I: linea aspera of femur
A: adduct and flex the thigh synergistically

Question 8

pectineus

Answer 8

O: pubis
I: lesser trochanter and linea aspera of femur
A: adducts and flexes the thigh

Question 9

gracilis

Answer 9

O: pubic symphysis
I: medial surface of tibia
A: adducts the thigh, flexes the leg
the action of doing high knees

Question 10

anterior muscles of the thigh

Answer 10

generally -> they extend the leg

Question 11

what are the muscles of the anterior thigh composed and called

Answer 11

the quadriceps femoris (quads)

Question 12

rectus femoris

Answer 12

O: ilium
I: upper border of patella and tibial tuberosity
A: flexes the thigh, extends the knee
runs straight up and down the femur

Question 13

vastus lateralis, medialis, and intermedius

Answer 13

O: greater trochanter and shaft of the femur
I: tibial tuberosity
A: extend the leg

Question 14

tensor fascia lata

Answer 14

O: iliac crest and anterior superior iliac spine
I: iliotibial tract (IT band)
A: steadies the leg by making IT band tight

Question 15

posterior muscles of the thigh

Answer 15

generally -> extend the thigh and flex the leg
make up the hamstrings

Question 16

biceps femoris

Answer 16

O: ischial tuberosity and femur
I: fibular head & lateral condyle of tibia
A: extend the thigh and flex the leg

Question 17

semitendinosus and semimembranosus

Answer 17

O: ischial tuberosity
I: medial tibia
A: extends the thigh and flexes the leg

Question 18

piriformis

Answer 18

O: anterior surface of the sacrum, the gluteal surface of the ilium, the sacroiliac ligament
I: superior border of the greater trochanter of the femur
A: laterally rotates the leg and stabilizes the hip joint. abducts the hip joint

Question 19

obturator externus and obturator internus

Answer 19

O: the pelvis bone
I: greater trochanter of the femur
A:rotate the hip externally and provide stability to the hip joint

Question 20

Gemellus

Answer 20

O: superior -> ischial spine, inferior -> ischial tuberosity
I: posteromedial surface of the greater trochanter
A: externally rotate the hip, extend/abduct the hip

Question 21

quadratus femoris

Answer 21

O: lateral margin of ischial tuberosity
I: tubercle of the femur
A: rotate hip laterally, adduct the hip, stabilize head of the femur

Question 22

anterior muscles of the leg

Question 23

tibialis anterior

Answer 23

O: lateral condyle and shaft of tibia
I: 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
A: dorsiflexes and inverts the foot
prime mover of dorsiflexion

Question 24

extensor digitorum longus

Answer 24

O: proximal tibia and fibula
I: middle and distal phalanges 2-5
A: dorsiflexes the foot and extends toes 2-5

Question 25

extensor hallucis longus

Answer 25

A: dorsiflexes the foot and extends the hallux

Question 26

posterior muscles of the leg

Answer 26

generally -> plantar flex the foot

Question 27

gastrocnemius

Answer 27

O: medial and lateral condyles of the femur
I: heel/Achilles
A: plantar flexes the foot
calf raises

Question 28

soleus

Answer 28

O: posterior tibia and fibula
I: heel/Achilles
A: plantar flex the foot
calf raises

Question 29

plantaris

Answer 29

O: inferior aspect of the lateral supracondylar line of the distal femur
I: the middle third of the posterior calcaneal surface
A: assists in plantar flexion of the foot, and knee

Question 30

popliteus

Answer 30

O: lateral condyle of the femur
I: posterior of the tibia
A: unlocks the extended knee to allow for flexion

Question 31

flexor digitorum longus

Answer 31

O: posterior tibia
I: distal phalanges 2-5
A: plantar flexes and inverts the knee; flexes toes 2-5

Question 32

flexor hallucis longus

Answer 32

plantar flexes and inverts the foot; flexes the hallux

Question 33

tibialis posterior

Answer 33

O: superior tibia and fibula
I: some tarsals and some metatarsals
A: plantar flexes and inverts the foot

Question 34

fibularis longus and brevis (peroneus)

Answer 34

O: fibula
I: metatarsals
A: plantar flex and evert the foot

Question 35

extensor digitorum brevis

Answer 35

is a short extensor of the toes
I: phalanges 2-5

Question 36

flexor digitorum brevis

Answer 36

flexes the digits

Question 37

abductor hallucis

Answer 37

abducts the hallux

Question 38

abductor digiti minimi

Answer 38

abducts the little toe
- lateral side

Question 39

flexor hallucis brevis

Answer 39

flexes the hallux

Question 40

adductor hallucis

Answer 40

adducts the hallus
- has a transverse and oblique head (the arch of the foot)

Question 41

flexor digiti minimi brevis

Answer 41

a short muscle that is used to flex the pinky toe