lecture 13

Question 1

suture

Answer 1

• The lines between the bones in the skull. Once formed and fused they are immovable joints

Question 2

gomphosis

Answer 2

• Peg and socket joint. Very short fibers that very tightly hold the teeth in place. Very little movement as long as it remains healthy.
  in the mandible and maxilla

Question 3

syndesmosis

Answer 3

• Based on how long the fibers are tells how much movement there will be. The shorter the fibers the less movement. If the fiber is long, you may get a little bit of movement.
• Is what allowing us to twist our legs from side to side.

Question 4

cartilaginous joints

Answer 4

• Bones are joined directly by cartilage, no bone cavity. Typically, do not allow much movement.
  
  • are joints where the bones are joined by cartilage

Question 5

synchondrosis

Answer 5

• Where bones are connected by hyaline cartilage. Found in connections between the ribs and the sternum. (shown is the first costal cartilage joint) Will typically have little to no movement.
• Another example is the epiphyseal growth plate. No movement occurs.

Question 6

symphysis

Answer 6

• A joint that is untied by fibrocartilage. Typically found in areas that have a lot of stress on them.
• The intervertebral disks can have some movement (is what helps us to move our spine). The pubic symphysis, the plate between the two os coxae.

Question 7

synovial joints

Answer 7

• Bones that are separated by a fluid-filled joint cavity (filled with synovial fluid). Like my labrum tear, allows for a lot of movement

Question 8

articular discs/meniscus

Answer 8

• Acts as a shock absorber and provides stability. Is a crescent shaped structure found in certain joints, especially the knee. A plate of fibrocartilage between the bones to help protect from wear and tear.

Question 9

bursa

Answer 9

• A small fibrous sac filled with synovial fluid. Tend to find in areas where there are tendons, muscle, skin, and bone, all in a tight area. Its job is to help prevent rubbing and friction within that joint.
• Bursitis – inflammation or infection of the bursa. (pretty common in the shoulder, elbow, and hip joints.)

Question 10

tendon sheath

Answer 10

• An elongated bursa. Instead of being a sack, it is a long tube like structure that is wrapped around tendons. Found where tendons are in tight spaces.
• A lot in the carpal tunnel area.

Question 11

synarthroses

Answer 11

no movement

Question 12

ampiarthroses

Answer 12

little movement

Question 13

diarthroses

Answer 13

full movement
ankle joint, in between finger bones

Question 14

luxation

Answer 14

joint dislocation
- the more moveable something is the more likely it is to dislocate

Question 15

gliding

Answer 15

when flat surfaces between the (tarsals for example) bone which allows for the bones to glide by one another

Question 16

flexion
extension

Answer 16

flexion - a bending movement to decrease the angle along the sagittal plane
extension a bending movement to increase the angle

Question 17

hyperextension

Answer 17

continuing the movement of extension beyond the anatomical position

Question 18

lateral flexion

Answer 18

the spine moving side to side

Question 19

abduction
adduction

Answer 19

abduction - moving away frontal or coronal
adduction - moving toward the midline

Question 20

supination
pronation

Answer 20

supination - lateral movement, serving soup
pronation - turning arm so that the bones go over each other

Question 21

dorsiflexion
plantar flexion

Answer 21

only in the feet
- dorsiflexion -> flex so that the toes point up
plantar flexion -> flex to point the toes down

Question 22

inversion
eversion

Answer 22

inversion - twisting the sole inward
eversion - twisting the sole out

Question 23

elevation
depression

Answer 23

elevation - raising shoulders
depression - opening or lowering shoulders

Question 24

protraction
retraction

Answer 24

protraction - move anteriorly or forward
retraction - move anteriorly or backward

Question 25

opposition

Answer 25

only in the thumb
being able to touch thumb to all fingers

Question 26

ball and socket

Answer 26

circumduction, rotation, abduction, adduction
freely moving, a wide range of motion, flexion and extension

Question 27

pivot joint

Answer 27

between c1 and c2 and is why we can rotate our head
rotational movement only

Question 28

saddle joint

Answer 28

the thumb joint, is the 1st bone (trapezium)
flexion, extension, circumduction, opposition, abduction, adduction
In the thumb, breastbone, and inner ear

Question 29

hinge joint

Answer 29

• allows for flexion and extension of the elbow joint
• joints between the phalanges
• humeroulnar joint is one

Question 30

plane joint

Answer 30

• a relatively flat surface between them to allow for gliding, is synovial but has limited movement and only moves in that specific plane
  
  • in between the finger bones can be this, the wrists, ankles, foot and hand bones, vertebral column sometimes

Question 31

condylar joint

Answer 31

• flexion, extension, abduction, adduction
• one piece is concave and the other is rounded
  
  • the metacarpal and phalangeal joints, the wrists, and knuckles