Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy and Physiology 1 > lecture 17 and 18 > Flashcards

lecture 17 and 18 Flashcards

1
Q

occipitofrontalis (epicranius) -> frontal belly

A

frontal belly -
action: raises the eyebrow
insertion: skin
Origin: fascia or bone of the face

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

occipitofrontalis (epicranius) -> occipital belly

A

action - fixes aponeuroses and pulls the scalp posteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

the origin and insertion of all muscles of facial expression

A

origin - fascia or bone of the face
insertion - skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

epicranial aponeurosis

A

a sheet-like connective tissue connecting the two bellies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

corrugator supercilii

A

Action - draws the eyebrows medially and inferiorly
- is located above the eyelid, works on moving the eyebrow
- angry or furrowing, worry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

orbicularis oculi

A

action - closes the eye
- is located above the eye, and below the eyelid (squinting)
- orbits around the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

zygomaticus (major and minor)

A

action - raises the lateral corners of the mouth (smiling)
major - inferior
minor - superior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

risorius

A

action - draws the corner of the lips laterally
- is lateral under the zygomaticus major and minor (almost where ramus is)
- located inferior to the zygomaticus minor and major
- the smirking muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

levator labii superioris

A

action - raises and furrows the upper lip
- is between the zygomaticus minor and the orbicularis oculi the upper cheek bone directly lateral to the nose and superior to the eye
- snarling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

depressor labii inferioris

A

action - raises and furrows the lips
- depresses the lower lip. is directly lateral to the mentalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

depressor anguli oris

A

action - draws the lower lip inferiorly
- is at the angle of the mouth (dimples)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

orbicularis oris

A

action - closes the lips (kissing)
- the moustache/beard area right around the mouth
- orbits or surrounds the mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

mentalis

A

action - wrinkles the chin, protrudes the lower lip (pouting)
- where the mental protuberance is
- pouty face

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

buccinator

A

action - compresses the cheek (whistling, sucking, holding food between the teeth)
- between the risorius and the zygomaticus major

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

platysma

A

action - tenses the skin of the neck, helps depress the mandible and pulls the lower lip back and down.
- almost below the chin; it runs from the chin down and across the collarbone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

muscles of mastication

A

chewing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

masseter

A

origin - zygomatic arch and inferior zygomatic bone
insertion - angle and ramus of mandible
action - elevates the mandible (primary mover of the jaw)
- in the cheekbone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

temporalis

A

origin - temporal fossa (lateral depression of parietal, temporal, frontal, and sphenoid)
insertion - coronoid process of mandible
action - elevates and retracts the mandible
- fan shape located on the temporal bone, you feel it move when you clench your jaw. acts as the synergist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

medial and lateral pterygoid muscles

A

action - side to side movement of the mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

muscles of tongue movement

A

genioglossus
hyoglossus
styloglossus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

genioglossus

A

origin - internal mandible
insertion - inferior tongue and hyoid bone
action - protracts the tongue (allows us to stick out our tongue)
- middle front of the tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

hyoglossus

A

origin - the hyoid bone
insertion - inferior tongue
action - depresses and retracts the tongue
- the back middle of the tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

styloglossus

A

origin - styloid process of temporal bone
insertion - inferior tongue
action - retracts and elevates the tongue
- upper muscle right below by styloid process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

action of the suprahyoid muscles

A

to elevate the hyoid when they contract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
digastric
origin - mandible and mastoid process of temporal bone insertion - the hyoid bone - consists of two bellies which are united by intermediate tendons, that form a v shape under the chin action - jaw opening, swallowing, head extension
25
stylohyoid
origin - the styloid process of the temporal bone insertion - the hyoid bone - a slender muscle below the angle of the jaw; parallel to posterior belly of digastric action - can help protract the hyoid as well as elevate it
26
mylohyoid
origin - mylohyoid line of mandible insertion - hyoid bone - a flat, triangular muscle just deep to the digastric muscle; this muscle pair makes a sling that forms the floor of the anterior mouth action - depressing mandible, elevate hyoid, elevate oral cavity
27
action of the infrahyoid muscles
to depress the hyoid
28
sternohyoid
origin - manubrium and clavicle insertion - hyoid attachment - sternum - the most medial muscle of the neck, thin; superficial except inferiorly where it is covered by the sternocleidomastoid action - depress the hyoid helping with swallowing and speech
29
omohyoid
origin - superior scapula insertion - hyoid - a straplike muscle with two bellies united by an intermediate tendon; lateral to the sternohyoid action - depressing the hyoid, protection
30
thyrohyoid
origin - manubrium of the sternum insertion - hyoid attaches - thyroid - appears as a superior continuation of the sternothyroid muscle action - depress and fixate the hyoid bone, elevate the larynx
31
sternothyroid
origin - manubrium of the sternum insertion - thyroid cartilage - a muscle that is lateral and deep to the sternohyoid
32
sternocleidomastoid
origin - manubrium and clavicle insertion - mastoid process of temporal bone action - flexes and rotates the head - is located deep to the platysma on the anterolateral surface of the neck
33
scalenes
origin - transverse processes of cervical vertebrae insertion - the first 2 ribs action - elevates the first 2 ribs, flexes and rotates the head. - helps to pull the ribs up when breathing
34
splenius
action - extends and rotates the head - extends from the upper thoracic vertebrae to the skull. covers and holds down the deep neck muscles
35
erector spinae
action - the prime mover of back extension the 3 muscles it is composed of - iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis
36
iliocostalis
the most lateral muscle group, extends from the pelvis to the neck - helps to erect or extend the spinal column
37
longissimus
the intermediate muscle - helps to erect or extend the spinal column
38
spinalis
the most medial muscle
39
semispinalis
action - extends and rotates the vertebral column and the head o- transverse processes of the cervical and thoracic vertebrae i - occipital - extends from the thoracic region of the head, and forms part of the intrinsic back muscles
40
quadratus lumborum
action - laterally flexes and extends the lumbar region origin - the iliac crest - the fleshy muscle forming part of the posterior abdominal wall. helps with lateral flexion and extension
41
diaphragm
action - the prime mover of inspiration - when you breathe in the diaphragm pushes down which in turn pushes open the lungs allowing air in, when we breathe out the diaphragm relaxes and moves up. while relaxed the diaphragm takes on a more rounded shape
42
external intercostals
action - elevate the rib cage (helps assist with inspiration) - the external tuns the opposite direction form the interior - 11 pairs that lie between the ribs, and run obliquely
43
internal intercostals
action - depresses the rib cage (helps assist with expiration) located deep - 11 pairs that lie between the ribs, run deep to and at the right angles to those of the external intercostals
44
rectus abdominis
origin - pubic crest and symphysis insertion - xiphoid process and costal cartilage of ribs 5-7 action - flexes and rotates the lumbar region. when both sides contract it flexes, when one side contracts it rotates. - the medial superficial muscle that extends from the pubis to the rib cage - surrounded by the rectus sheath
45
external oblique
action - flexes and rotates the vertebral column origin - the lower ribs insertion - linea alba - is the largest and most superficial, runs down and medial. run towards the X-rated area
46
internal oblique
action - flexes and rotates the vertebral column insertion - linea alba origin - iliac crest - most go up and medially. is deeper
47
transversus abdominis
action - compresses the ribs and abdominal contents insertion - linea alba origin - costal cartilage - is the deepest muscle of the abdominal wall; the fibers run horizontally
48
linea alba
origin - the xiphoid process insertion - the pubic crest and symphysis action - stabilize and brace the core muscles - means white line
49
rectus sheath
origin - pubic symphysis and crest insertion - xiphoid process and costal cartilage of ribs 5-7 action - flexes trunk, compresses and supports abdominals
50
levator ani
origin - the linear origin inside the pelvis insertion - inner surface of the coccyx action - helps to support the pelvic organs - is the pelvic muscle that extends itermedially
51
coccygeus
origin - ischial spine insertion - the anterolateral aspects of the sacrum and coccyx action - helps support the pelvic organs - lies posterior to levator ani and forms the posterior portion of the pelvic diaphragm
52
ischiocavernosus
origin - ischial tuberosity and ramus insertion - men (crura of penis) women ( crura of the clitoris) action - helps maintain erection of the penis or clitoris - runs from the pelvis to the base of penis or clitoris
53
bulbosponginosus
origin - in female in the perineal body, in men the perineum insertion - perineal membrane action - help maintain erection of the penis or clitoris - encloses base of penis or lies deep to the labia
54
pectoralis minor
origin - the front surfaces of the 3-5 ribs insertion - the coracoid process of the scapula action - draws the scapula down and forward, can raise the ribs - the deep, inferior smaller piece
55
serratus anterior
origin - ribs 1-8 insertion - the scapula action - draw the scapula down and forward (boxer) - punching
56
trapezius
origin - external occipital protuberance insertion - the acromion, spine of scapula, and lateral clavicle action - elevates, depresses, retracts, superiorly rotates
57
levator scapulae
origin - transverse process of c1-c4 insertion - medial border of the scapula action - elevates and retracts the scapula
58
rhomboid major and minor
origin - spinous process of thoracic T2-T5 insertion - medial border of scapula action - work together to stabilize, retract, elevate, and inferiorly rotate the scapula - minor, smaller and above the major
59
pectoralis major
origin - the clavicular head, sternum, ribs 1-6 insertion - the greater tubercle of the humerus action - adducts and medially rotates the arm
60
latissimus dorsi
the lats origin - spinous process of T7-L5, iliac crest, inferior to 3-4 ribs and the scapula insertion - intertubercular sulcus of the humerus action - extends, adducts, and medially rotates the arm (like swimming freestyle)
61
subclavius
origin - costal cartilage of 1st -6th ribs insertion - inferior region of the clavicle action - stabilizes and depresses the pectoral girdle
62
deltoid
origin - the clavicle, acromion, scapular spine insertion - deltoid tuberosity of the humerus action - (prime mover) abducts the arm; can also flex and extend the arm - shot
63
coracobrachialis
origin - coracoid process of the scapula insertion - the medial shaft of the humerus action - flexes and adducts the arm
64
teres major
origin - inferior angle of the scapula, more inferior than the rotator cuff insertion - intertubercular groove action - extends, medially rotates, and adducts the arm
65
what is the teres major to the lats
the teres major is the synergist of the latissimus dorsi
66
facial nerve (CN VII)
is responsible for the motor function of the facial expression muscles
67
where do the bellies of the digastric muscle originate
the anterior belly - originates on the mandible the posterior belly - originates on the mastoid process
68
subscapularis
origin - the subscapular fossa of the scapula insertion - the lesser tubercle of the humerus action - abducts and stabilizes the arm at the shoulder joint
69
supraspinatus
origin - supraspinous fossa of the scapula insertion - greater tubercle of humerus action - abducts and stabilizes at shoulder
70
infraspinatus
origin - the infraspinous fossa of the scapula insertion - greater tubercle of humerus action - lateral rotation of arm, external rotation of the shoulder, stabilization of the arm at the shoulder joint
71
teres minor
O: the posterior surface of the scapula (lateral border) I: the inferior aspect of the greater tubercle of the humerus A: lateral rotation, stabilizing the shoulder, weakly adducting the shoulder joint
72
biceps brachii
O: coracoid process (short head); above glenoid cavity (long head) I: radial tuberosity A: flexes and supinates the forearm synergist to the supinator muscle
73
brachialis
O: anterior humerus I: coronoid process of ulna A: flexes the forearm
74
brachioradialis
A: flexes the forearm O: lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus I: styloid process of radius
75
triceps brachii
O: below glenoid fossa (long head); posterior lateral humerus (lateral head); posterior humerus (medial head) I: olecranon of ulna A: extends the forearm
76
anconeus
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus I: olecranon of ulna A: extends the forearm
77
pronator quadratus and pronator teres
A: pronate the forearm O: distal ulna (anterior) I: distal radius (anterior)
78
supinator
A: supinate the forearm O: lateral epicondyle of the humerus I: posterior surface of the radius
79
The nerves of connection
Cranial nerve 7 - all facial muscles innervate here Trigeminal nerve - provides the innervation for the muscle of chewing Hypoglossal nerve - provides the innervation for the tongue
80
Forearm
Anterior - flexes Posterior - extends

Anatomy and Physiology 1 (35 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions