lecture 11

Question 1

subscapular fossa of the scapula

Answer 1

o An indented curved portion on the anterior of the scapula. Sits against the back or the rib cage
- an origination point for the sub scapular is muscle, which primarily function to internally rotate the humerus. Contributes to should stability, assists with adduction

Question 2

spine of the scapula

Answer 2

o A prominent bony plate on the shoulder blade that separates the supraspinous fossa from the infraspinous fossa
- divides the scapula, and is a muscle attachment for several muscles like the trapezius and posterior deltoid

Question 3

infraspinous fossa of the scapula

Answer 3

the shallow concave structure below the spine
- an origination point for the infraspinatus muscle. External rotation, stabilization, secures the head of the humerus

Question 4

supraspinous fossa of the scapula

Answer 4

a fossa located above the spine
- helps to move the arm and stabilize the joint

Question 5

the acromion (process) of the scapula

Answer 5

o Is on the superior side pointing laterally. Is a large projection articulating with the clavicle, goes on to form the posterior section of the spine.
- the bony tip of the shoulder, which forms the joint with the collarbone, provides stability, and enables arm movement (particularly abduction)

Question 6

the coracoid process of the scapula

Answer 6

a projection on the scapula that looks like a finger
- stabilizes the shoulder, connects the scapula to the clavicle and humerus

Question 7

the glenoid cavity of the scapula

Answer 7

where the head of the humerus articulates laterally
- allows for attachment and allows the arm to move relative to the torso

Question 8

the sternal end of the clavicle

Answer 8

o Looks blunt and is cone shaped. Comes into contact with the sternum. Is known as the enlarged, quadrangular part of the clavicle that articulates with the sternum and first costal cartilage
- supports the shoulder, and enables a range or arm and shoulder movements

Question 9

the acromial end of the clavicle

Answer 9

o The flattened, lateral part of the clavicle bone that articulates with the acromion of the scapula to form the acromioclavicular joint.
- provides stability and motion for the shoulder joint, is a synovial joint

Question 10

the conoid tubercle of the clavicle

Answer 10

o Is a bony prominence on the clavicle that serves as an attachment site for the conoid ligament. Is form the inferior side and is a projection near the acromial end.
- provides attachment for the conoid ligament

Question 11

the head of the humerus

Answer 11

o The nice round articulate surface on the posterior end, articulates and forms the shoulder joint.
 Faces medially
- stabilizes the arm, elbow, and hand. Forms the glenohumeral joint, and provides for attachment of muscles by the scapula and shoulder

Question 12

the greater tubercle of the humerus

Answer 12

o The projection on the head of the lateral proximal side. Is the attachment for the rotator cuff
Attachment for muscles and helps stabilize the shoulder and rotator cuff

Question 13

the lesser tubercle of the humerus

Answer 13

o A smaller projection on the inner portion and is an attachment point for the rotator cuff
- provides attachment for muscles, plays a key role in facilitating the functionality of the muscles and the shoulder

Question 14

the intertubercular groove of the humerus

Answer 14

the groove between the lesser and greater tubercle
- a passageway for the biceps tendon, attachment point for this tendon as well.

Question 15

anatomical neck versus surgical neck

Answer 15

o Anatomical – matches the definition. The point of the bone right where you get the narrowing form the head.
o Surgical – because this is where the bone functionally is thinned. A very common spot for fractures

Question 16

the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

Answer 16

o The deltoid muscle attaches to this. Is the rough and bumpy portion of the shaft.

Question 17

the capitulum of the humerus

Answer 17

o The ball shape on the distal side to articulate with the radius to help form the elbow joint

Question 18

the trochlea of the humerus

Answer 18

o The forming of the joint between the humerus and the ulna. In the middle and looks like a spool, helps to move the elbow joint

Question 19

the coronoid fossa of the humerus

Answer 19

a small depression found superior to the trochlea of the humerus
- lets the elbow bend smoothly by accommodating the coronoid process of the ulna during flexion and extension.

Question 20

the radial fossa of the humerus

Answer 20

a protuberance above or on the condyle
- provides a space for the head of the radius to fit into during elbow movement

Question 21

lateral epicondyle

Answer 21

o Lateral epicondyle on lateral side
 Is a bony bump on the outside of the elbow, point of attachment for the forearm muscles and the ligaments

Question 22

medial epicondyle

Answer 22

o Medial (toward the shoulder) medial condyle
 Is a round/prominent part of the bone at the end of the upper arm bone inside the elbow
- stabilizes the elbow, allows for passage of the ulnar nerve

Question 23

olecranon fossa of the humerus

Answer 23

o A deep large indentation on the posterior side. Is an articulation for the olecranon on the ulna
- the insertion point for the tricep muscle, allows tension of the elbow and acts as a lever to straighten the arm

Question 24

the head of the radius

Answer 24

the rounded proximal end
- enables rotation of the forearm, and allows for pronation and supination. Is a secondary stabilizer of the elbow joint

Question 25

the radial tuberosity of the radius

Answer 25

o Is an attachment point for the bicep brachia. Named for the bone that it is on
- acts as a attachment for the biceps brachii, allows bicep muscle to flex the elbow joint

Question 26

the ulnar notch of the radius

Answer 26

o An indentation on the medial side of the distal, radius that lets the ulna articulate
 Named because the ulna sits on it
- acts as a joint surface, allows the head of the ulna to articulate with the distal end of the radius, enables rotation of the forearm (specifically pronation and supination)

Question 27

the styloid process of the radius

Answer 27

o A sharp projection of bone that comes down on the distal end.
 Sits on the side of the wrist and helps to stabilize the wrist.
- a crucial attachment point for muscles and ligaments in the wrist, stabilizes the wrist joint and helps with movement.

Question 28

the olecranon process of the ulna

Answer 28

o The bony part of the elbow, is directly above the trochlear notch
Insertion for the tricep muscle, allows for elbow extension by providing a lever

Question 29

the coronoid process of the ulna

Answer 29

o A lower notch below the olecranon, is a crown shaped indent. On the underside of the trochlear notch
- helps stabilize the elbow joint and prevent it form dislocation or hyperfelxing

Question 30

the trochlear notch of the ulna

Answer 30

a moon shaped notch in the bone, is an articulation with the distal radius
- forms a hing with the elbow to allow for flexion and extension movements, stabilizes

Question 31

radial notch for the ulna

Answer 31

a notch on the side of the ulna that articulates with the head of the radius
- the articulation point for the head of the radius, allows for rotation of the forearm during pronation and supination

Question 32

head of the ulna

Answer 32

o Is on the distal end, by the styloid process

Question 33

styloid process of the ulna

Answer 33

o At the bottom which helps stabilize the wrist.
- attachment for ligaments, stabilizes the wrist joint by connecting the ulnar to the carpal bones (maintains flexibility and strength

Question 34

scaphoid carpal bone

Answer 34

proximal under the thumb

Question 35

lunate carpal bone

Answer 35

moon shaped more medial than the scaphoid

Question 36

pisiform carpal

Answer 36

the last in the proximal row, is the bump we can feel on our wrist by the pinky

Question 37

triquetrum carpal

Answer 37

under the pisiform bone, is under the pinky on the proximal row

Question 38

trapezium carpal

Answer 38

most distal, under the right thumb

Question 39

trapezoid

Answer 39

a cube shaped bone under the pointer finger

Question 40

capitate

Answer 40

in the distal row under the middle finger

Question 41

hamate

Answer 41

most lateral in the distal row, is between the ring finger and the pinky

Question 42

metacarpal

Answer 42

numbered 1-5 from the pollex to medial

Question 43

phalanges

Answer 43

arranged in proximal, middle, and distal rows ( the pollex does not have a middle one)