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ANP 1107 > Lecture 12 > Flashcards

Lecture 12 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 key players in adaptive immunity

A

B lymphocytes
T lymphocytes
Macrophages

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2
Q

What cells are associtaed with humoral immunity

A

B lymphocytes

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3
Q

What cells are associated with cell mediated immunity

A

T lymphocytes

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4
Q

What kind of leukocytes are the antigen presenting cells

A

Macrophages (monocytes)

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5
Q

B cells and T cells are what kind of leukocyte

A

Lymphocytes

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6
Q

Where do lymphocytes originate

A

Red blood marrow

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7
Q

Where do T cells mature

A

Thymus

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8
Q

Where do B cells mature

A

Bone marrow

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9
Q

Where do lymphocytes go once matured

A

Lymphoid organs
Circulation

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10
Q

What is positive selection

A

T cells need to pass the test on recognizing major histocompatibility complex

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11
Q

What is the name for the group of markers marking all nucleated cells as self

A

Major histocompatibility complex

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12
Q

Do T cells need to able to recognize the antigen during positive selection

A

Nope

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13
Q

What happens to T cells who cant recognize self MHC

A

Apoptosis

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14
Q

What occurs during negative selection

A

T cells must not recognize self antigens

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15
Q

What could happen if T cells recognize self antigens

A

Could cause autoimmune diseases

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16
Q

B cells cause what kind of immunity

A

Humoral

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17
Q

How long do plasma cells last

A

4-5 days

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18
Q

What is the effector B cell

A

plasma cells

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19
Q

What do plasma cells secrete

A

Antibodies

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20
Q

What are the two kinds of B cells

A

Plasma (effector)
Memory cells

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21
Q

How long do memory B cells last

A

Years

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22
Q

why do plasma cells have lots of RER

A

to make lots of antibodies

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23
Q

What is the first immunoglobulin secreted during primary response

A

IgM

24
Q

What immunoglobulin activates completement

A

IgM and IgG

25
Q

What is the secretory immunoglobulin

A

IgA

26
Q

What immunoglobulin is the dimer

A

IgA

27
Q

What immunoglobulin is the pentamer

A

IgM

28
Q

What immunoglobulin is found in body secretions

A

IgA

29
Q

What immunoglobulin stops pathogens from attaching to epithelial cells

A

IgA

30
Q

What immunoglobulin functions as a B cell antigen receptor

A

IgD

31
Q

What is the most abundant immunoglobulin in the plasma

A

IgG

32
Q

What is the main antibody of secondary and late primary responses

A

IgG

33
Q

What immunoglobulin binds to mast cells or basophils

A

IgE

34
Q

What immunoglobulin is involved in allergic reactions

A

IgE

35
Q

What antibody crosses the placenta

A

IgG

36
Q

What antibody is passed to a baby through milk

A

IgA

37
Q

What is the only kind of immunity able to establish immunological memory

A

Active

38
Q

What are the two ways to aquire Active and passive humoral immunity

A

Active:
naturally: infection
artificially: vaccine
Passive:
Naturally: antibodies passed through milk/placenta
Artificially: injection of antibodies

39
Q

Do antibodies kill cells

A

No, they just tag them

40
Q

What are the 3 main types of T cells

A

CD8
CD4
Regulatory

41
Q

What t cells are the killer t cells

A

Cytotoxic t cells
CD8

42
Q

What type of t cells are cytotoxic

A

CD8

43
Q

What are the helper T cells

A

CD4

44
Q

What type of t cells are CD4

A

Helper

45
Q

CD8 t cells are what kind

A

cytotoxic

46
Q

What do regulatory t cells do

A

winddown immune response

47
Q

What type of t cells stop immune responses

A

Mainly regulatory, some CD4

48
Q

What class of MHC molecules are recognized by CD8 t cells

A

I

49
Q

What calls of MCH molecules are only recognized CD4 T cells

A

II

50
Q

What type of cells have class II MHC

A

APCs

51
Q

Where are monocytes formed

A

bone marrow

52
Q

what is the major role of monocytes

A

engulf foreign particles and present fragments of their antigens on their surface to be recognized by T cells

53
Q

What do monocytes secrete

A

soluble proteins that activate T cells

54
Q

What do CD8 t cells release from its granules once binded to a target cell

A

perforin
granzyme

55
Q

What is the role of perforin and granzyme in CMI

A

perforin form holes in target cells
granzymes enter the cell, and trigger apoptosis

ANP 1107 (21 decks)

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