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ANP 1107 > Digestive system > Flashcards

Digestive system Flashcards

1
Q

what are the two main groups of digestive system organs

A

Alimentary canal
Accessory digestive organs

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2
Q

which of these is not a part of the alimentary canal:
mouth
intestine
pancreas
esophagus

A

Pancreas

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3
Q

What are the organs associated with the alimentary canal

A

Mouth
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small/large intestine

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4
Q

what the name for the group of digestive organs thats a continuous long tube

A

Alimentary canal

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5
Q

What do the accessory digestive organs consist of

A

Teeth
Tongue
Gallbladder
Salivary glands
Liver
Pancreas

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6
Q

Describe the visceral peritoneum

A

Covers external surfaces of digestive organs

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7
Q

Describe the parietal peritoneum

A

Lines walls of abdominopelvic cavity

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8
Q

What is the name of the slitlike space between the visceral and parietal perionea

A

Peritoneal cavity

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9
Q

What is a mesentery

A

a structure suspending most digestive organs from the body wall

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10
Q

What is a retroperitoneal organ

A

An organ that loses its mesentery during development

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11
Q

What is the word for an organ that loses its mesentery during development

A

Retroperitoneal

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12
Q

Name two examples of retroperitoneal organs

A

Duodenum
Pancreas

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13
Q

What is peritonitis

A

Inflammation of the peritoneal cavity

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14
Q

How does peritonitis occur

A

Bacteria being introduced into the peritoneal cavity through a variety of way

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15
Q

Hepatic arteries serve what organ

A

Liver

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16
Q

Gastric arteries serve what organ

A

Stomach

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17
Q

Splenic arteries serve what organ

A

Spleen

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18
Q

Superior and inferior mesenteric arteries serve what organ(s)

A

Small and large intestine

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19
Q

How much of the CO do the hepatic, gastric, splenic and mesenteric arteries receive

A

about 1/4

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20
Q

Venous return from the digestive system is indirect via _______

A

the hepatic portal circulation

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21
Q

In the hepatic portal system, where does venous blood exit via

A

Hepatic veins

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22
Q

What are the 4 typical layers of the GI tract

A

Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis externa
Serosa

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23
Q

What are the three layers of the Mucosa

A

Surface epithelium
Lamina propria
Muscularis mucosae

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24
Q

What layer of mucosa has goblet cells

A

Surface epithelium

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25
Q

What kind of cells are present in the surface epithelium of the mucosa

A

Columnar

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26
Q

What layer of the mucosa has isolated lymph nodules

A

Lamina propria

27
Q

What layer of the mucosa has loose connective tissue with capillaries

A

Lamina propria

28
Q

What layer of mucosa has a thin layer of smooth muscle cells

A

Muscularis mucosae

29
Q

What layer of the GI tract has moderately dense CT

A

submucosa

30
Q

What layer of the GI tract’s main function is elasticity

A

Submucosa

31
Q

What layer of GI tract has the main role of propulsion and mixing movements

A

Muscularis externa

32
Q

What layer of the GI tract has 2 layers, one inner circular and one outer longitudinal

A

Muscularis externa

33
Q

What layer of the GI tract forms sphincters

A

Muscularis externa

34
Q

What is the function of sphincters

A

Help ensure unidirectional travel
Compartmentalizes the functional units of the digestive system

35
Q

What layer of the GI tract can characterized by loose CT covered by a single layer of squamous epithelial cells

A

Serosa

36
Q

What is the adventitia

A

The outer layer of some digestive organs to really keep said organ fixed in place

37
Q

What two types of organs have adventitia

A

Retroperitoneal organs
Esophagus

38
Q

What organ has NO serosa

A

Esophagus

39
Q

What kind of organs have both adventitia and serosa

A

Retroperitoneal organs

40
Q

What type of tissue does the adventitia consist of

A

Fibrous connective tissue

41
Q

What two components is the mouth composed of

A

Vestibule
Oral cavity proper

42
Q

orbicularis oris is a muscle where

A

lips

43
Q

buccinators are muscles where

A

Cheeks

44
Q

What palate is closer to the front of the mouth

A

Hard palate

45
Q

What palate is closer to the back of the mouth

A

Soft

46
Q

What type of palate has palatine bones and palatine processes

A

Hard palate

47
Q

What closes the nasopharynx when we swallow

A

Soft palate

48
Q

What are the two arches that join the soft palate to the tongue and oropharynx

A

palatoglossal
palatopharyngeal

49
Q

what is the soft palate mostly composed of

A

Skeletal muscle

50
Q

What is the function of the arches in your mouth

A

Keeps the palate in place

51
Q

What are the two types of muscle in the tongue

A

Intrinsic skeletal muscles
Extrinsic skeletal muscles

52
Q

What types of tongue muscles are not attached to bone, but just exist in 3 planes in the tongue

A

intrinsic skeletal muscles

53
Q

What is the function of the intrinsic skeletal muscles

A

change the shape of the tongue

54
Q

What type of skeletal muscles attach the tongue to bones

A

Extrinsic skeletal muscles

55
Q

What is the function of the extrinsic skeletal muscles of the tongue

A

Move the position of the tongue in space

56
Q

What attaches the tongue to the floor of the mouth

A

Lingual frenulum

57
Q

What are papillae

A

Projections on tongue

58
Q

What are the four types of papillae on tongue

A

Filiform
Fungiform
Vallate
Foliate

59
Q

What type of papillae contain keratin, are in rows at the tip of the tongue and DO NOT contain taste bus

A

Filiform

60
Q

What type of papillae are mushroom shape and contain taste buds

A

Fungiform

61
Q

What type of papillae are a mushroom shape and widely scattered on the tongue

A

Fungiform

62
Q

What type of papillae make a V shaped row at the back of the tongue and contain taste buds

A

Vallate

63
Q
A

ANP 1107 (21 decks)

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