LEC6 - MAGNESIUM

Question 1

is the fourth most abundant cation in
the body and second most abundant intracellular ion

Answer 1

MAGNESIUM

Question 2

It has an important role in membrane stabilization, nerve
conduction, and ion transport and calcium channel activity

Answer 2

MAGNESIUM

Question 3

____ loop is the major renal regulatory site of magnesium

Answer 3

Henle’s loop

Question 4

in loop of henly, where_____ of filtered Mg2+ is reabsorbed in the ASCENDING limb.

Answer 4

50% to 60%

Question 5

In addition, ____ is reabsorbed in the distal convoluted
tubule (DCT)

Answer 5

2% to 5%

Question 6

Renal threshold for Mg2+ is approximately ____
mmol/L (1.46–2.07 mg/dL)

Answer 6

0.60–0.85

Question 7

____% of Mg2+ in the body is found in bone

Answer 7

53%

Question 8

46% % of magnesium are found in

Answer 8

,muscle

Question 9

how many percent are in serum

Answer 9

1%

Question 10

less than 1% is present in serum and RBCs

▪ Of the Mg2+ present in serum, about 1/3 is
bound to ___

Answer 10

protein, primarily albumin.

Question 11

of the 2/3 of the 1%, 61% are free or ionized and the 5% are complexed with other ions such as PO4 and citrate

correwt?

Answer 11

yes

Question 12

facial/eye twitching means

Answer 12

low magnesium

Question 13

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) _______ the renal
reabsorption of Mg2+ and enhances the absorption of Mg2+
in the intestine.

Answer 13

increases

Question 14

releationship of calcium and magnesium when it comes to PTH

Answer 14

directly as they are both absorbed/reabsorbed in accordance to PTH

Question 15

opposite effect of PTH in the
kidney, increasing the renal excretion of Mg2+

Answer 15

Aldosterone and thyroxine

Question 16

The overall regulation of body Mg2+ is controlled largely by what organ

Answer 16

kidney

Question 17

_____ is reabsorbed by the proximal
convoluted tubule (PCT)

Answer 17

25% to 30%

Question 18

Normally, only about _____% of filtered Mg2+ is excreted in the
urine per day

Answer 18

6%

Question 19

It is a condition with high level of serum magnesium.

Answer 19

HYPERMAGNASEMIA

Question 20

is HYPERMAGNASEMIA rare ?

Answer 20

yes

Question 21

if it’s rare, how do we usually get HYPERMAGNASEMIA

Answer 21

iatrogenic due to medication

Question 22

Increase in magnesium ____ the activity of tissues and organs

Answer 22

decreases

Question 23

Dysarthria means

Answer 23

problem with the motor speech

Question 24

Patient is prone to bleeding

hyper or hypo???

Answer 24

hypermagnesemia

Question 25

Clinical manifestations include hypotension, bradycardia,
respiratory depression, depressed mental status and
electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities

Answer 25

hypermagnasemia - kung mapapansin mo lahat lower kasi nga high magnesium decrease organ and tieeur activities

Question 26

Use of drugs with ______ given to patients with
eclampsia and cardiac arrhythmia will also have increased
magnesium activity

Answer 26

magnesium sulfate

Question 27

It is a condition with low serum magnesium level

Answer 27

HYPOMAGNASEMIA

Question 28

The most common causes of hypomagnesemia are:

Answer 28

Loss of magnesium in the GI tract
Diabetes mellitus
alcohol
stress

Question 29

___is most frequently observed in
hospitalized individuals in intensive care units (ICUs) or
those receiving diuretic therapy or digitalis therapy

Answer 29

Hypomagnesemia

Question 30

There’s a missing molecule or due to
prematurity making the reabsorption not efficient. Primary
congenital

Answer 30

NEONATAL

Question 31

a diuretics that causes hypomagnasemia due to prolonged used

Answer 31

thiazides

Question 32

a diuretics that causes hypomagnasemia due to fast effect

Answer 32

furocimides

Question 33

antibiotics causing hypomagnasemia

Answer 33

gentamicin
cyclosporin
digoxin

Question 34

why gentamicin
cyclosporin
digoxin

induces hypomagnasemia?

Answer 34

promotes excretion of Mg

Question 35

EXCESS LACTATION causes

Answer 35

hypomagnasemia because baby will get the Mg

Question 36

ref method of Mg

Answer 36

AAS

Question 37

the frequent method used today for MG

Answer 37

photometric method analyzers

Question 38

photometric method analyzers uses dyes, what are those

Answer 38

Calmagite dye ????
parmasan dye ???
Magon
titan yellow
methylthymol blue

Question 38

most frequently sued dye in photometric assay for MG

Answer 38

titan yellow

Question 39

ion selective electrode measures

Answer 39

intracellular magnesium

Question 40

reference method for Mg

Answer 40

ISO