Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

CCHM 2 > LEC 11 - BLOOD GASES > Flashcards

LEC 11 - BLOOD GASES Flashcards

1
Q

substance that can yield a hydrogen ion (H+) or hydronium ion when dissolved in water

A

ACIDS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

raising the pH above the _______ will cause the acid to dissociate and yield an H+.

A

pKa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

substance that can yield hydroxyl ions (OH-)

A

Base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

lowering the pH below the pKa will cause the base to release OH−

A

Base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

combination of a weak acid or weak base and its salt, is a
system that resists changes in pH

A

buffer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

effectiveness of a buffer depends on the _____

A

pKa of the buffering system and the pH of the environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

In plasma, the bicarbonate–carbonic acid system, having a pKa of
__________, is one of the principal buffers

A

6.1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

normla blood pH

A

7.35-7.45

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

the principal mammalian buffer system that serves as the basis in the determination of the pH level of the blood MATHEMATICALLY

A

bicarbonate-carbonic acid buffe system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

the principal mammalian buffer system that serves as the basis in the determination of the pH level of the blood MATHEMATICALLY using what equation?

A

henderson-hasselbalch equation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

acids combine with bicarbonate in the blood

A

bicarbonate-carbonic acid buffer system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

in bicarbonate-carbonic acid buffer system, what is the neutral salts

A

bicarbonate sales - conjugate base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

in bicarbonate-carbonic acid buffer system, what is the weak acid

A

carbonic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

it exist in the blood circulation as it is and its primary regulation is through function of our kidneys

A

bicarbonate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

it is unstable, readily changes to water and carbon dioxide once it reaches your plasma

A

carbonic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

the measurement of carbonic acid is based on the __

A

partial pressure of carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

PHOSPHATE BUFFER SYSTEM’s primary source is

A

RBC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

PHOSPHATE BUFFER SYSTEM

what is the phosphate that forms and acts as a buffer

A

2.3 - diphosphoglycerate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

this buffer system works by increasing the amount of NaHCO3 (sodium bicarbonate) in ECF (making it more alkaline)

A

phosphate buffer system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The interrelationship of the lungs and kidneys in
maintaining pH is depicted by the

A

Henderson-Hasselbalch
equation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

hemoglobin is considered an effective buffer because __

A

it is carrying an oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

aside from carrying an oxygen as a buffer, what are the other capabilities of hemoglobin to maintain pH

A

it has the ability to offload oxygen and replace it with carbon dioxide

it helps the diffusion across different gradient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

hemoglobin-oxyhemoglobin buffer system

Maintains pH level in ___

A

Venous and Arterial Blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

1 gram of Hemoglobin carries ___ mL of Oxygen and each
mole of hemoglobin binds with one mole of oxygen.

A

1.39

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
how many percent of hemoglobin binds with oxygen?
95%
26
it helps to maintain the buffer due to the charges present on their surface
protein buffer system
27
Proteins can exist in 2 forms:
H+ protein, B Protein
28
Capability to bind or release excess Hydrogen as required
protein buffer system
29
Proteins are made up of __
amino acid
30
2 ends of amino acid
It has a carboxyl end and amino end.
31
in the mechanism of buffer system has an order in which the first line of buffer system are the ____
chemical buffers -bicarbonate, carbonic, hemoglobin protein, chloride, electrolytes
32
in the mechanism of buffer system has an order in which the second line of buffer system are the ____
organ regulatory mechanism (physiological) - kidney and lungs
33
chemical name of bicarbonate
HC03
34
It is a conjugate base representative of our major buffer system
bicarbonate (HCO3)
35
is bicarbonate classified under electrolytes?
yes
36
the second largest fraction of the ANIONS in the plasma
bicarbonate
37
It includes the ionized bicarbonate (HCO3), carbonate and the carbamino compounds
bicarbonate
38
normal range of BICARBONATE (HCO3)
22-26 mmol/L (22-26 meq/L)
39
Weak acid representative of major buffer system
CARBONIC ACID (H2CO3)
40
It is readily dissociated into water and carbon dioxide once it reaches the blood circulation
CARBONIC ACID (H2CO3)
41
in blood circulation, CO2 concentration is higher than HCO3 true or false
true
42
The symbol _____ used is measured from pCO2 multiplied by the solubility coefficient of CO2.
cdCO2 (concentration of dissolved C02) is frequently)
43
The pressure or tension exerted by CO2 gas dissolved in blood.
PARTIAL PRESSURE OF CO2 (pCO2)
44
It is an index of efficiency of gas exchange in the lungs and not a measure of CO2 concentration in the blood.
PARTIAL PRESSURE OF CO2 (pCO2)
45
Used to determine carbonic acid level by multiplying it with the solubility coefficient
PARTIAL PRESSURE OF CO2 (pCO2)
46
normal range of carbon dioxide combining power
24-30 mmol/l
47
(ctCO2) means
total carbon dioxide concentration
48
which refers to the total concentration of CO2 in the blood consisting of ionized HCO3, CO3, carbamino compound and unionized fraction (H2CO3) and physically dissolved CO2.
TOTAL CARBON DIOXIDE CONCENTRATION (ctCO2)
49
It is the sum of major buffer system
TOTAL CARBON DIOXIDE CONCENTRATION (ctCO2)
50
normal range of TOTAL CARBON DIOXIDE CONCENTRATION (ctCO2)
21-28 mmol/l
51
The negative logarithm of hydrogen ion activity with a normal average range of 7.35-7.45
pH
52
major factors regulating blood pH
chemical buffers respiratory regulatory mechanism renal regulatory mechanism
53
formula of henderson-hasselbalch equation
pH = (bicarbonate/pCO2)
54
The pCO2 of air (0.2mmHg) Is much less than that of the blood (38 mmHg) so that when blood is exposed to air, the ctCO2 and pCO2 _______
decreases
55
Oxygen of venous sample is significantly lower (deoxygenated already) and have high PC02 (2-8 mmHg) as compared with arterial true or false
true
56
The pH is more acidic as well about ______units lower in venous blood sample
0.02-0.05
57
amount of oxygen lowers in the venous blood after release in the capillaries
60%
58
Arterial blood is the more preferred specimen for blood gas analysis because it is of more uniform composition than venous blood. true or false
true
59
type of syringe for blood gas analysis
glass syringe
60
why do glass syringe is the preferred syringe for BGA
less porous less exposure to the air outside
61
preferred anticoagulant
lyophilized heparin (powdered form)
62
Remember to always keep the sample in ___ TECHNIQUE
ANAEROBIC
63
The relationship of oxygen and carbon dioxide is ___
reversely proportional
64
if capillary blood is used, it must undergo ___
arterialization
65
warm up the area where you’re going to extract sample (finger or heel stick – you can dip it on water bath with 42C and leave it there for at least 10 minutes) o We can also use a warming pad
* Arterialization
66
arterialization
o patients with low blood pressure (first reading of systolic is less than 95 mmHg) o patients with certain clinical conditions which induces vasoconstrictions like if they are undergoing oxygen therapy, o newborns (especially first few hours after birth) o newborns with respiratory distress syndrome
67

CCHM 2 (30 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions