Larch065 Exam 1

Question 1

Model

Answer 1

Describes how things work

Question 2

Theory

Answer 2

Explains how things work

Question 3

What is choice limited by? (7)

Answer 3

 Resource
 Market
 Ability to cope
 Willingness to move
 Ability to move
 Knowledge and
information
 External constraints

Question 4

What can affect an individual/group’s choice?

Answer 4

 Life style
 Stage in life cycle
 Individual preference
 Surrounding culture

Question 5

What do people choose when they make a choice? (2)

Answer 5

A system of setting and environmental qualities

Question 6

What is setting? (3)

Answer 6

 Bounded places where particular activities occur
 Provide cues for appropriate rules and hence behavior
 Objective & perceived features

Question 7

What is a system of settings?

Answer 7

A series of settings linked across space and time

Question 8

Elements of environmental quality (4)

Answer 8

 Nature of its components
 Ranking
 Importance with respect to other aspects of life
 Components operate as PULLS and PUSHES

Question 9

Components of environmental quality that cannot be controlled? (3)

Answer 9

 Climate
 Topography
 Perceived
crime levels

Question 10

Components of environmental quality that cna be somewhat controleld (3)

Answer 10

 Ownership/
Tenure
 Management
 Social Factors

Question 11

Components of environmental quality that can be controlled (3)

Answer 11

 Visual quality
 Density
 House style/
Detail

Question 12

Reasons for and mechanisms of choice (4)

Answer 12

 Process of matching people’s values, desires, needs
with the perceived environmental qualities
 Pull factors seem to be more important
 Needs as manifest and latent
 Choice as dynamic - changing

Question 13

How did Catherine Beecher affect housing?

Answer 13

She promoted suburbs by sayign rural lfie is ideal and made plans for simple and efficient houses.

Question 14

Colonial Williamsburg

Answer 14

An orginal suburb based on restored buildings

Question 15

HOLC

Answer 15

Uniform payments on long term loans

Systematic Appraiasal Methods

Catagorized areas in 4 colors

Question 16

Best to worst HOLC colors

Answer 16

Green

Blue

Yellow

Red

Question 17

Primary motive behind the FHA

Answer 17

JOBS!

Question 18

What the FHA did to housing market? )4)

Answer 18

 Down payments of more than 10% became
unnecessary.
 Extension of repayment period for guaranteed
mortgages to 25-30 years, and fully amortized.
 Establishment of minimum standards for home
construction that became the standard in the industry.
 Lowering of interest rates by 2%-3%.

Question 19

Consequences of FHA

Answer 19

 FHA encouraged single family projects and
discouraged the construction of multi-family projects.
 Loans for existing structures were meager.
 Unbiased professional estimate.
 The FHA legitimized segregation.

Question 20

Who took risk out of taking house loans?

Answer 20

The FHA

Question 21

Did the HOLC give out loans?

Answer 21

Yes, but not many

Question 22

Where are gated communities popping up?

Answer 22

metropolitan, south, southeast, southwest

Question 23

What leads to the development of refugee camps? (4)

Answer 23

 high population density
 cramped living condition
 Inadequate infrastructure
 Created due to conflict

Question 24

 What conditions lead to the development of slums?

Answer 24

 high population density
 cramped living condition
 Inadequate infrastructure
 Created due to socio-economic conditions

Question 25

What 4 things define home?

Answer 25

Land

Infrastructure

Physica;l Structure

Emotional attachment

Question 26

Article 25 of the Universal Declaration of Human
Rights (1948)

Answer 26

Everyone has a right to a standard of living adequate for the
health and well being of himself and of his family, including
food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social
services and the right to security in the event of unemployment,
sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other lack of
livelihood in circumstances beyond his control.

Question 27

What is adequate housing/shelter?

Answer 27

 Adequate privacy
 Adequate space
 Security
 Security of tenure
 Structural stability and
durability
 Adequate lighting,
heating and ventilation
 Adequate infrastructure
 Suitable environmental
quality
 Adequate and
accessible location to
work

Question 28

CRA

Answer 28

Community Reinvestment act - Banks must meet the credit needs of the communities in which they operate.

Question 29

Habitat Agenda

Answer 29

It is the responsiabiltytytyt of gov to provide adequate housing

Question 30

dissimilariyty index

Answer 30

the percentage of a certain race thast must leave in order to make race even in that area

HIGH numbers are bad

Question 31

FHA

Answer 31

Fair housing Act cannot discriminate upon color, gender, etc…

Question 32

HMDA

Answer 32

Housing mortgage and disclosure act

banks must submit public loan data

Question 33

Framework

Answer 33

Puts phenomena into patterns so they can be interopretaed

Question 34

What abrought down hous9ing costs in the 19th century?

Answer 34

The machine made nail

Thin uniform board cuts

Question 35

difference between fha and holc

Answer 35

HOLC focused on troubled loans

FHA loans were private and only insured by the GOV