GEOG 130 Final Exam Flashcards
resource curse
countries that are dependent on primary commodities are at risk of political instability and conflict
abundant resource wars
risk of greed driven conflict and loot used to purchase military equipment
social construction of resources
resources made through human needs, desires, and practices
EG diamonds are forever!
dutch disease
great export revenues discourage investment in other economic sectors
resource rents
high profits from a single resource often lead to corruption and lack of state accountability
windfall rents
unexpected profits
spoil politics
patronage system rewarding political supporters and continuing self enrichment
resource lootability
extraction resources with easy access to rebels and government
point resources vs diffuse resources
the greater the distance of resource from control the higher the cost of control
fragmentation
distribution of people and economy in safest areas
peripheralization
trans border trade replacing increasingly risky internal trade
production of territories/succession
production of de facto soveriegn territories
South Sudan
sobels
soldiers by day rebels by night
glocal political economies
local patterns of resource exploitation to global markets
non liberal inclusion
inclusion in global market through shadow activities
EG trafficking
bad governance
weak or failed states caused by exclusion and criminalization
parrot’s beak
an area of high diamond conflict in africa
coltan and cossiterite
minerals mined in africa and used in electronics
sixth wave of extinction
human caused
genetic bottleneck
lack of genetic diversity in a subpopulation
minimum viable population
number of organisms necessary to continue diversity in a sub-population
habitat fragmentation
large ecosystems broken into smaller habitat
biodiversity hotspots
biological environments home to diverse organisms - many of which endemic
buffer zones
zones around protected areas where some human use is allowed
edge effect
exposure of native species to outside influences can effect populations
ecosystem benefits
collective ecological values like clean water and air
economic value of biodiversity
potential value of biodiversity for HUMANS
intrinsic ecological value
non-economic values of ecosystems
biophilia
a natural attraction to life itself
peace parks
first in USA/Canada
fulfill human and biodiversity goals at the same time
bayei people of botswana
pushed of land for high end resort
glacier national park
blackfeet still trying to get access
nobel indians dancing at park
american focused on glacier national park
grinnel
hedge funds
large multinational funds that often can profit without others experiencing negative consequences
hedging means reducing risk
peasant economics
often only partially integrated into traditional economies
agrofuel capitalism
planting and extracting crops often in land grabbed areas for foreign profit
agrarian political economy
political economy of farming people
jao camp
high end resort displacing bayei people
jao village
the marginalized area of the bayei
oxfam
looks at justice issue often associated with environmental change
david harvey
looked into accumulation by disposession
alexander chayanov
peasant economics
biermann and pattberg
want a WEO
world environmental orginzation
amartya sen
famine is not always due to scarcity of food
viewed poverty as a deprivation of capabilities
which country has lots of land grabbing
DRC
jatropha
agrofuel feedstock
