Language of Medicine - Chapter 7 Flashcards
Urinary System
examples of nitrogenous wastes are:
urea, creatine, uric acid
what are examples of electrolytes and what do they do?
potassium (K+) + sodium (Na+)
they are small molecules that conduct electrical charges
define homeostasis
bodies ability to maintain an equilibrium within its internal environment
what are two enzymes the kidneys release and what do they do?
- renin = raises BP
- erythropoietin (ERO) = stimulates RBC production in bone marrow
define calciferol
active form of vitamin D
- secreted by kidneys
define kidney
bean shaped organs behind abdominal cavity (retroperitoneal) on either side of the spine
define cortex
outer layer of the kidney
define medulla
inner layer of kidney
define the hilum
depression in the medial boarder of kidney
define urinary bladder
a hollow, muscular sac, temporary reservoir for urine
define trigone
triangular region at the base of the bladder where ureters enter and the urethra exits
define urethra
tube that carries urine from bladder to outside of body
define urination or voiding
expelling urine through urethra
define glomeruli
mass of tiny coiled small blood vessels
define glomerulus
collection of tiny capillaries
what are the steps in the formation of urine?
- filtration
- tubular reabsorption
- tubular secretion
list the flow of urine from start to finish
bloodstream, glomerulus, glomerular capsule, renal tubule, renal pelvis, ureter, bladder, urethra, urinary meatus
define renal pelvis
basin like area in the central part of the kidney
define calyces / calices
small cup like regions in the renal pelvis
cali/o
calic/o
calyx
cup shaped
cyst/o
urinary bladder
glomerul/o
glomerulus
meat/o
meatus
nephr/o
kidney
