Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Nursing! > Language of Medicine - Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Language of Medicine - Chapter 11 Flashcards

Cardiovascular System

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Nursing Pharmacology flashcards NCLEX-RN® flashcards Nursing Mental Health flashcards Nursing Fundamentals flashcards Nursing Safety & Infection flashcards Nursing Adult Health flashcards NCLEX-PN® flashcards Nursing Management of Care flashcards Nursing Pediatrics flashcards Nursing Maternity flashcards
1
Q

what are the 3 types of blood vessels in the body?

A
  • capillaries
  • veins
  • arteries
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

define arteries

A

carry blood AWAY from the heart, the walls are lined with CT + muscle tissue + elastic fibres with the innermost layer of epithelial cells called endothelium
- because arteries are carrying blood away from the heart they withstand high pressure of the pumping act + elastic walls allow them to expand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

define arterioles

A

smaller branches of arteries, arterioles are thinner than arteries + carry blood to the tiniest blood vessels (capillaries)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

define capillaries

A

walls are only one endothelial cell in thickness, carry nutrient-rich oxygen + nutrients out of the blood stream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

define venules

A

waste filled blood flows back to the heart in venules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

define veins

A

thinners walls compared to arteries, bring blood TOWARD the heart from organs/tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

define valves

A

prevent back flow of blood + keep blood moving in one direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what structure does blood enter the heart through?

A

inferior / superior vena cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

does the right side of the heart carry oxygenated or deoxygenated blood?

A

the right side carries oxygen poor blood (deoxygenated)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

does the left side of the heart carry oxygenated or deoxygenated blood?

A

the left side of the heart carries oxygen rich blood (oxygenated)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

define pulmonary artery

A

blood vessel that divides into the right and left lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

define pulmonary veins

A

only veins that carry oxygenated blood bring blood back to the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

define pulmonary circulation

A

the circulation of blood through the vessels from the heart to the lungs and then back to the heart again

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

define aorta

A

largest artery in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

define carotid arteries

A

supply blood to head + neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

define pulse

A

the beat of the heart as felt through the walls of arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what are the 4 chambers of the heart

A

left atria, left ventricle, right atria, right ventricle
- atria = upper chambers
- ventricles = lower chambers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

define the inferior vena cava

A

carries blood from the lower parts of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

define the superior vena cava

A

drains blood from the upper portion of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

where does the blood go after the vena cava

A

right atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

define the right atrium

A

thin-walled upper right chamber of the heart
- right atrium contracts to force blood through the tricuspid valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

define the right ventricle

A

lower chamber of the heart
- contracts to pump oxygen poor blood through pulmonary valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

define left atrium

A

newly oxygenated blood enter left atrium via pulmonary veins, walls contract pushing blood through the mitral (bicuspid) valved

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

define left ventricle

A

has the thickest walls out of all the chambers, pumps blood with great force so that blood travels through arteries to all parts of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

define aortic vavle

A

left ventricle propels blood through aortic valve

26
Q

define the endocardium

A

smooth layer of endothelial cells, lines the interior of the heart + heart valves

27
Q

define myocardium

A

middle muscular layer of the heart walls, thickest layer

28
Q

define pericardium

A

a fibrous + membranous sac surrounding the heart
- composed of 2 parts visceral pericardium (adheres to the heart) + parietal pericardium (lines outer fibrous coat)

29
Q

what are the two phases of a heartbeat?

A

diastole (relaxation)
systole (contraction)

30
Q

describe diastole

A

occurs when the ventricle walls relax and blood flows into the heart

31
Q

describe systole

A

occurs when walls of the right and left ventricles contract to pump blood into pulmonary artery + aorta

32
Q

define a murmur

A

abnormal swishing heartbeat sound

33
Q

define the sinoatrial node (SA node)

A

aka the pacemaker of the heart - where the electrical originates, the current electricity generated by the pacemaker + cases the walls of the atria to contract

34
Q

define the atrioventricular node (AV node)

A

AV node immediately sends the excitation wave to a bundle of specialized muscle fibres

35
Q

define bundle of His / atrioventricular bundle

A

bundle of specialized muscle fibres
- divides into the left and right bundle branch which form conduction myofibrils + extend through the ventricle walls + contract on stimulation

36
Q

describe an electrocardiogram (ECG)

A

record used to detect electrical changes in the heart
normal ECG tracing shows 5 waves: P, QRS, + T waves

37
Q

define P wave

A

spread of excitation wave over the atria just before contraction

38
Q

define QRS wave

A

spread of excitation over the ventricles as the ventricles contract

39
Q

define T wave

A

electrical recovery + relaxation of ventricles

40
Q

angi/o

A

vessel

41
Q

aort/o

A

aorta

42
Q

arter/o
aerteri/o

A

artery

43
Q

ather/o

A

yellowish plaque

44
Q

atri/o

A

atrium, upper heart chamber

45
Q

brachi/o

A

arm

46
Q

cardi/o

A

heart

47
Q

cholester/o

A

cholesterol (lipid substance)

48
Q

cornon/o

A

heart

49
Q

cyan/o

A

blue

50
Q

myx/o

A

mucus

51
Q

ox/o

A

oxygen

52
Q

pericardi/o

A

pericardium

53
Q

phleb/o

A

vein

54
Q

rrhythm/o

A

rhythm

55
Q

sphygm/o

A

pulse

56
Q

steth/o

A

chest

57
Q

thromb/o

A

clot

58
Q

valvul/o
valv/o

A

valve

59
Q

vas/o

A

vessel

60
Q

vascul/o

A

vessel

61
Q

ven/o
ven/i

A

vein

62
Q

ventricul/o

A

ventricle, lower chamber of the heart

Nursing! (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions