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Nursing! > Language of Medicine - Chapter 12 > Flashcards

Language of Medicine - Chapter 12 Flashcards

Respiratory System

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1
Q

describe respiration

A

mechanical process of breathing, the exchange of air between the lungs + external environment

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2
Q

describe inhalation

A

oxygen passes form environment into the lung air sacs + blood capillaries of lungs

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3
Q

describe internal (cellular) respiration

A

involves the production of energy from oxygen + food within body cells

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4
Q

define nose

A

air enters the body via the nose through two openings called the nares

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5
Q

define nasal cavity

A

air passes through the nasal cavity after the nares

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6
Q

define cilia

A

fine hairs that aid in filtering out foreign bodies as well as warm + moisten the air

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7
Q

define paranasal sinuses

A

hollow, air conning spaces within the skill that communicate with the nasal cavity, they have mucous membranes, and lighten the weight of bones in the skull + help produce sound

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8
Q

define pharynx (throat)

A

3 divisions of pharynx:
1. nasopharynx - contains pharyngeal tonsils/adenoids which are collections of lymphatic tissue
2. oropharynx - includes palatine tonsils which are 2 rounded masses of lymphatic tissue
3. laryngopharynx - serves as a common passageway for food from the mouth + air from the nose + divides into the larynx + esophagus

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9
Q

define epiglottis

A

flap of cartilage attached to the root of the tongue, prevents choking or aspiration of food

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10
Q

define trachea (windpipe)

A

vertical tube and is kept open by 16-20 C shaped rings

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11
Q

define mediastinum

A

space in the centre of the chest

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12
Q

define bronchial tubes / bronchi

A

composed of epithelium surrounded by cartilage

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13
Q

define bronchioles

A

small bronchial branches

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14
Q

define alveoli

A

collections of air sacs

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15
Q

define erythrocytes

A

in blood carry oxygen away from lungs to all parts of the body + carbon dioxide back to the lungs for exhalation

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16
Q

define pleura

A

each lung is covered by a double layered membrane called pleura

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17
Q

define partial pleura

A

outer layer of the lung near the ribs

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18
Q

define visceral pleura

A

inner layer, closer to the lung

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19
Q

what is the difference between the two lungs?

A

the right lung is slightly larger and divided into 3 lobes whereas the left lung is smaller and divided into 2 lobes

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20
Q

what are lobes of the lungs called

A
  • apex = upper portion
  • base = lower portion
  • hilum = middle portion (only in right lung)
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21
Q

define diaphragm

A

muscle separating thoracic cavity + abdominal cavity

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22
Q

what is the pathway of air from start to finish

A

nose (nares), nasal cavities + paranasal sinuses, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, lung capillaries

23
Q

adenoid/o

A

adenoid

24
Q

alveol/o

A

alveolus, air sac

25
Q

bronch/o
bronchi/o

A

bronchial tube, bronchus

26
Q

capn/o

A

carbon dioxide

27
Q

coni/o

A

dust

28
Q

cyan/o

A

blue

29
Q

epiglot/o

A

epiglottis

30
Q

laryng/o

A

larynx, voice box

31
Q

lob/o

A

lobe of the lung

32
Q

mediastin/o

A

mediastinum

33
Q

nas/o

A

nose

34
Q

orth/o

A

straight, upright

35
Q

ox/o

A

oxygen

36
Q

sector/o

A

chest

37
Q

pharyng/o
phon/o

A

pharynx, throat voice

38
Q

phren/o

A

diaphragm

39
Q

pleur/o

A

pleura

40
Q

pneum/o
pneumon/o

A

air, lung

41
Q

pulmon/o

A

lung

42
Q

rhin/o

A

nose

43
Q

sinus/o

A

sinus, cavity

44
Q

spir/o

A

breathing

45
Q

tel/o

A

complete

46
Q

thorac/o

A

chest

47
Q

tonsill/o

A

tonsils

48
Q

trache/o

A

trachea, windpipe

49
Q

–ema

A

condition

50
Q

–osmia

A

smell

51
Q

–pnea

A

breathing

52
Q

–ptysis

A

spitting

53
Q

–sphyxia

A

pulse

54
Q

–thorax

A

pleura cavity, chest

Nursing! (16 decks)

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