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Anatomy And Phys 1 > Lab Exam 4 (ch 11&12) > Flashcards

Lab Exam 4 (ch 11&12) Flashcards

1
Q

Facilitate formation of the blood brain barrier in the CNS

A

Astrocytes

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2
Q

Myelinate axons in the CNS

A

Oligodendrocytes

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3
Q

Myelinate axons in the PNS

A

Schwann Cells

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4
Q

Act as phagocytes in the CNS

A

Microglial Cells

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5
Q

Circulate and secrete cerebrospinal fluid in the CNS

A

Ependymal Cells

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6
Q

Surround and support cell bodies in the PNS

A

Satellite Cells

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7
Q

Consists of cranial nerves and spinal nerves

A

Peripheral Nervous System

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8
Q

Consists only the brain and spinal cord

A

Central Nervous System

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9
Q

Afferent

A

Sensory

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10
Q

Efferent

A

Motor

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11
Q

Voluntary motor control

A

Somatic nervous system

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12
Q

Visceral involuntary control

A

Autonomic nervous system

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13
Q

Fight or flight response that mobilizes the body during activity

A

Sympathetic

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14
Q

Rest and digest state to conserve energy

A

Parasympathetic

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15
Q

A groove or furrow, especially within the surface of the brain

A

Sulcus

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16
Q

A ridge or cleft between two clefts on the central surface of the brain

A

Gyrus

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17
Q

A deeper groove on brain

A

Fissure

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18
Q

the primary commissural region of the brain consisting of white matter tracts that connect the left and right cerebral hemispheres.

A

Corpus callosum

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19
Q

planning and executing movement,
complex mental processes (conscience,
personality, problem solving)

A

Frontal lobe

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20
Q

processing and integrating
sensory information, attention

A

Parietal lobe

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21
Q

hearing, smell, memory, emotion, some language aspects

A

Temporal lobe

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22
Q

primary visual cortex

A

Occipital lobe

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23
Q

lots of effects. seen by prying the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes apart; taste and visceral sensations

A

Insula (lobe)

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24
Q

Broca’s Area location and function

A

Frontal lobe and language production

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25
Q

Wernicke’s area function and location

A

Temporarl lobe and language comprehension

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26
Q

separates two sides of brain

A

Longitudinal fissure

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27
Q

Frontal lobe is separated by the

A

Central sulcus

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28
Q

The most posterior part of the frontal lobe is the

A

Precentral gyrus

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29
Q

The most anterior part of the parietal lobe is the

A

Postcentral gyrus

30
Q

Temporal lobe is separated by the

A

Lateral sulcus/fissure

31
Q

The ______ are paired masses of gray matter in each cerebral hemisphere that coordinate movement

A

Basal nuclei

32
Q

The limbic system include

A

Hippocampus and amygdala

33
Q

memory and learning

A

Hippocampus

34
Q

plays a role in behavioral expression and emotion

A

Amygdala

35
Q

controls information entry into the cerebral cortex; edits, sorts and routes stimuli

A

Thalamus

36
Q

regulates autonomic nervous system
• Sleep/wake cycle
• Thirst/hunger
• Body temperature
• Hormone production
• Controls secretion from the pituitary gland

A

Hypothalamus

37
Q

processes and routes visual and
auditory stimuli to the thalamus, motor fibers from cerebral cortex, monitors movement from basal nuclei

A

Midbrain

38
Q

breathing, reflexes, sleep/wake cycle

A

Pons

39
Q

white matter for movement
and sensation, regulates homeostatic functions

A

Medulla oblangata

40
Q

sleep and arousal, pain transmission, mood regulation, involved in many homeostatic functions

A

Reticular formation

41
Q

Function of recollective memory

A

Mammillary body

42
Q

Secretaries melatonin

A

Pineal gland

43
Q

monitors and coordinates
movement

A

Cerebellum

44
Q

Internal white matter looks like a tree in cerebellum

A

Arbor vitae

45
Q

of ventricles are small capillaries in each of the 4 ventricles that produce the CSF

A

Choroid plexus

46
Q

receive information about smells from the nose and send it to the brain by way of the olfactory tracts.

A

Olfactory bulb

47
Q

connects the olfactory bulb to the remainder of the cerebral cortex.

A

Olfactory tract

48
Q

carry visual information from the optic chiasm to the left and right lateral geniculate bodies as a part of the visual pathway

A

Optic tract

49
Q

channels that connect the paired lateral ventricles with the third ventricle at the midline of the brain.

A

Interverticular foremen

50
Q

a fluid-filled canal that runs through the midbrain connecting the third and fourth ventricles.

A

Cerebral aqueduct

51
Q

take signals from PNS to CNS

A

Afferent neurons – sensory

52
Q

take signals from CNS to effectors

A

Efferent neurons – motor

53
Q

carries information away from the cell body

A

Axon

54
Q

carries information to the cell body

A

Dendrites

55
Q

ribosomes and rough ER in the cell body

A

Nissl bodies

56
Q

insulation around axon and makes conduction faster

A

Myelin sheath

57
Q

cell membrane surrounding axon

A

Axolemma

58
Q

cytoplasm within the axon

A

Axoplasm

59
Q

where axon originates from cell body

A

Axon hillock

60
Q

branches from central axon

A

Collaterals

61
Q

fine branches at the end of axons

A

Telodendria

62
Q

(synaptic knobs): innervates target cells

A

Axon terminals

63
Q

spaces between myelin sheath allowing conduction

A

Node of raniver

64
Q

one axon with two or more dendrites and usually a branched dendritic tree
• Motor (efferent), interneurons
• Location: most neurons in CNS and motor neurons in PNS

A

Multipolar neurons

65
Q

one axon and one dendrite
• Sensory (afferent)
• Location: special sense organs in PNS (retina)

A

Bipolar neurons

66
Q

single short process that splits into two axons with no dendrites
• Sensory (afferent)
• Location: sensory neurons in the PNS associated with pain, touch, vibrations

A

Psuedounipolar neurons

67
Q

-70 to -55

A

Stimulus

68
Q

Reaches threshold at

A

-55

69
Q

-55 to +30

A

Depolarizing phass

70
Q

+30 to -70

A

Repolarizing phase

71
Q

presynaptic and postsynaptic membrane separated by synaptic cleft
• diffusion of neurotransmitters across the synaptic cleft causes an action potential in the postsynaptic membrane

A

Chemical synapse

72
Q

joined by gap junctions allowing electrical currents to flow through cells

A

Electrical synapse

Anatomy And Phys 1 (39 decks)

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