Anatomy Of The Eye

Question 1

lids of skin that cover the upper and lower part of the eye (eyelids)

Answer 1

Palpebrae

Question 2

clear mucus membranes that line the eyelids (palpebral conjunctivae) and line the anterior white of the eye (bulbar conjunctiva)

Answer 2

Conjunctivae

Question 3

junction where the eye meets medially and laterally

Answer 3

Medial and lateral commissures

Question 4

in superiolateral aspect of the orbit of the eye.

Answer 4

Lacrimal gland

Question 5

(inferior and superior): two lateral openings in the medial aspect of each eyelid

Answer 5

Lacrimal punctum

Question 6

Lacrimal punctum connects two _______ (inferior and superior)

Answer 6

lacrimal canaliculus

Question 7

single pouch in the medial orbital wall

Answer 7

Lacrimal sac

Question 8

tube that empties into the nasal cavity

Answer 8

Nasolacrimal duct

Question 9

Moves eye laterally

Answer 9

Lateral rectus. VI abducens

Question 10

Moves eye medially

Answer 10

Medial rectus. III oculomotor

Question 11

Elevates the eye and turns it medially

Answer 11

Superior rectus. III

Question 12

depresses the eye and turns it medially

Answer 12

Inferior rectus. III

Question 13

elevates the eye and turns it laterally

Answer 13

Inferior oblique. III

Question 14

depresses the eye and turns
it laterally

Answer 14

Superior oblique. IV trochlear

Question 15

Superior oblique is connected to the eye via a tendon pulley system using the

Answer 15

trochlea

Question 16

“whites” of the eye, helps to maintain the shape of the eye and serves as an attachment for the extrinsic eye muscle

Answer 16

Sclera

Question 17

structurally continuous with the sclera, transparent, bulges anteriorly, no blood vessels, major light bending (refraction) medium of the eye

Answer 17

Cornea

Question 18

rich in blood-vessels that help nourish the other layers of the eye, melanin helps absorb excess light

Answer 18

Choroid

Question 19

changes in shape based on whether the person is looking near or farther away ( accommodation is the reflex)

Answer 19

Lens

Question 20

contracts or relaxes to change the shape of
the lens

Answer 20

Ciliary body

Question 21

connect the ciliary body to the lens

Answer 21

Suspensory ligaments

Question 22

anterior part of the vascular layer that is pigmented (eye color) with two layers of smooth muscle ( pupillary sphincter muscle and pupillary dilator muscle)

Answer 22

Iris

Question 23

central opening in the middle of the iris where light enters

Answer 23

Pupil

Question 24

receive light stimuli
that is routed to the brain
• Outer pigmented layer
• Inner neural layer – rods and cones closest to this

Answer 24

Photoreceptor

Question 25

Neural stimulus travels from _______ ->_________ ->__________ -> gather at the optic disc and exit the eye to form the optic nerve (II)

Answer 25

rods and cones, bipolar cells, retinal ganglion cells

Question 26

HAS NO PHOTORECEPTORS

Answer 26

Optic disc (blind spot)

Question 27

Has high photoreceptor concentration

Answer 27

Macula lutea

Question 28

Highest visual acuity is called the

Answer 28

Fovea

Question 29

ciliary body is relaxed and the lens is flattened. Normal vis

Answer 29

Emmotrophic state

Question 30

ciliary muscle contracts allowing the lens to become thicker

Answer 30

Accommodation

Question 31

Eyeball is too long and the image is focused in front of the retina

Answer 31

Myopia (nearsightedness)

Question 32

Eyeball is shorter than normal and the image is focused behind the retina

Answer 32

Hyperopia (farsightedness)

Question 33

the lens loses its elastic shape making it more difficult to focus on close objects

Answer 33

Presbyopia

Question 34

closest distance that an individual is able to focus on an object

Answer 34

Near point of accommodation

Question 35

Color blindness occurs more frequently in males because it is an

Answer 35

X-linked trait

Question 36

axons of retinal ganglion cells join and exit the eye to form the optic nerve

Answer 36

Optic disc

Question 37

The_____ does NOT contain ANY photoreceptors at the “blind spot”. Cranial nerve II

Answer 37

retina

Question 38

deep to the stapes and transmits vibrations from the stapes to the perilymph of the inner ear

Answer 38

Oval window

Question 39

connects the middle ear to the superior portion of the pharynx

Answer 39

Pharyngotmypanic (auditory) tube

Question 40

Contraction of the_____ muscle helps equalize pressure

Answer 40

tensor tympani

Question 41

The cochlea analyzes different frequencies along it’s spiraled length using the basilar membrane which varies in stiffness or resonance along its length . What section of cochlea is being stimulated

Answer 41

Pitch

Question 42

caused by the amplitude of wave vibrations

Answer 42

Loudness